BATANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT BAGI PENGHASILAN ENZIM-ENZIM LIGNOS·ELULOSIK OLEH Aspergillus terreus MELALUI TEKNIK KULTUR SUBSTRAT PEPEJAL

BATANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT BAGI PENGHASILAN ENZIM-ENZIM LIGNOS·ELULOSIK OLEH Aspergillus terreus MELALUI TEKNIK KULTUR SUBSTRAT PEPEJAL

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dc.contributor.author	TALIB, ANITA
dc.date.accessioned	2016-01-12T03:27:41Z
dc.date.available	2016-01-12T03:27:41Z
dc.date.issued	1998
dc.description.abstract	Oil palm stem( ops) was initially separated into three different components, i.e. parenchyma(P), vascular bundles(V) and also left intact, i.e. whole oil palm stem(W). Three different whole ops samples were studied i.e. dried sample(W1), dried and ground up sample(W2) and 'green' samples (W3). Solid substrate fermentation was then carried out on the oil palin stem components using Aspergillus terreus. The substrates were supplemented with Toyama's medium in different opslmedium ratios, ranging from 1: 1 to 1:8 and the results showed that the Aspergillus terreus cultured on different components of the oil palm stem produced specific cellulase and g-glucosidase enzyme profiles. Higher cellulase activities i.e. endocellulase( CMCase) and total cellulase(FPase) were obtained from the parenchyma portion compared to the vascular bundles i.e. 18.4SU and 4.01U compared to 12.2U and O.8U/g substrate respectively. Highest activities of g-glucosidase was produced from the whole oil palm stem(W1) whereby the activities are two times(2X) higher compared to gglucosidase from the vascular bundles(V) and the parenchyma (P).The CMCase and FPase from the whole oil palm stem(W1) are 14.29U and 2.21 U/g of substrate, which is relatively quite good. The enzyme activities were also dependent on the ops/ medium ratios. the highest R-glucosidase activities were in the 1: 1 ratio which is quite 'dry'. CMCase and FPase activites were highest in the 1: 4 and 1: 6 ratios respectively. This combination of solid substrate fermentation of oil palm stem using Aspergillus terreus was found to produce other enzymes such as xylanase, amylase and pectinase. Several parameters of cultivation were studied i.e. the particle size, time of incubation, initial pH, temperature, concentration of medium and spore inoculum size. The whole oil palm stem(W1) with larger particle sizes (0.5 -1 cm) produced higher activities of R-glucosidase . Optimum production of R-glucosidase was found with the following parameters Le. incubation time of 6 days, with an initial pH of 5, an incubation temperature of 35 OC ,using half strength medium(1/2X) and 2.1XI07 spores.Following optimisation, Rglucosidase activities were increased from 4.3U to 5.8U, indicating an increase of 34.8%. Characterisation of the crude enzymes has shown the R-glucosidase to be thermostable with 90% of its activities retained at 600 C. The optimum temperature is 35OC.The optimum pH is 5.2 and the enzyme is stable between pH 5 and 6. The ~-glucosidase produced was finally tested in hydrolysis reactions using micro crystalline cellulose (Avicel) and parenchyma as substrates. Both substrates show greater degree of hydrolysis after 2.SU ~-glucosidase was added to the initial 1% (v Iv) cellulase ,compared to supplementing with ceUobiase (Novozyme) adjusted to the same activities. The degree of hydrolysis achieved in both micro crystalline cellulose (Avicel) and parenchyma were 85% and 19.5% respectively.	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1374
dc.subject	SUBSTRAT	en_US
dc.subject	LIGNOSELULOSIK	en_US
dc.title	BATANG KELAPA SAWIT SEBAGAI SUBSTRAT BAGI PENGHASILAN ENZIM-ENZIM LIGNOS·ELULOSIK OLEH Aspergillus terreus MELALUI TEKNIK KULTUR SUBSTRAT PEPEJAL	en_US
dc.type	Thesis	en_US

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