Jet Impingement Cooling In Electronic Packages Using Computational Fluid Dynamics
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Date
2001-03
Authors
Isapen, I. Rushyendran
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Abstract
Jet impingement cooling has long been used in the industries for controlling
temperature in material processing, cooling equipments and recently in cryosurgery. Jet
impingement cooling has been identitied to be useful in the electronics cooling as well
due to its high heat removal capabilities. Electronic systems have now grown smaller
resulting in very high heat generation compared to previous systems, requIrIng new
cooling solutions such as jet impingement cooling.
Jet impingement cooling in electronic packages is carried out numerically llsing
a commercial finite volume code called FLUENTâ„¢. The local heat transfer coefficients
on a heat source due to a normally impinging, axisymmetric, confined and submerged
liquid jet are investigated. Numerical predictions are made for nozzle diameter (d) of
3.18 111m at several nozzle to target plate spacing (Hid) ranging from I to 8. The
turbulent jet Rcynolds numbers considcred are 8500, 10000 and 13000 with a
pcrllourinatcd diclccric nuid Flourincrt-77 (Fe77) as the working Iluid. The now ficld
and heat transfer me solved using thc standard high Reynolds number k-I: turhulence
modI.!!. 1\ lIlore detailed grid refilH:mcnt compared to previous investigatiolls is utilizcd.
The nUlllerical predictions an: compared with previolls IIlllllcrical prcdictions using the
k-I; turbulcnce Illodel as wl.!!l as with experimcntal n:sults available in the literaturc. Thc
prcscnt methodology is superior compared to previous predidiolls lIsing k-I; Illodel.
Pn:\'iollsly, the dcviations rroln the experimental n:sllits arc observed to he a maxilllulll
of ()OA % fllr thc stagnation hcat tmnskr cocf'lil:iclIl a III I a nHlximulll or 5(,J) IXI fill' the
averaged heat transkr wenicient. lhe present predictions with the standard high
r J Reynolds number k-E turbulence model with modified grid refinement are able to
produce results with maximum errors of 4.6 % and 9.9 % for stagnation and averaged
heat transfer coefficients respectively. Numerical predictions are also carried out for
those cases of Hid and Re for which neither experimental data nor numerical predicted
data are available in the literature. From the predicted results, correlations are developed
to determine the stagnation heat transfer coefficient, the average heat transfer coefficient
as well as the variation of the local heat transfer coefficient along the radial direction.
These correlations estimate the values satisfactorily.
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Keywords
Jet impingement cooling has long been used , for controlling temperature in material processing