Characterization Of Physico-Chemical And Film Properties Of Hemicelluloses B From Oil Palm Frond (Elaeis Guineensis)
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Date
2010-04
Authors
Abdul Halim, Noor Haliza
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Hemicelluloses B (HB) from oil palm frond (OPF) were extracted using three alkaline concentration (1.0, 2.0 and 3.0M KOH) at 40 oC for 4 hours, respectively. HB extracted was then characterized based on monosaccharide composition, uronic acid, molecular structure, molecular weight, crystallinity and thermal stability in order to study the effect of different alkaline extraction on HB from OPF. HB extracted from all alkaline concentrations were casted and their film properties were investigated. The increase in KOH concentration from 1.0 to 2.0 and 3.0 M, were observed to increase the yields of each fraction from 5.0 to 8.7 and 9.5 %, respectively. However, lignin content displayed a reverse trend. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that 1.0 M HB had a higher composition of arabinose compared to xylose and glucose, while higher composition of xylose and glucose was detected for 2.0 and 3.0 M HB. Ratio of xylose/arabinose also increased from 0.8 to 1.6 for 1.0 M to 3.0M HB, respectively. In addition, all HB extracts also contained a significant percentage of uronic acid. FTIR and 13C-NMR data showed that alkaline concentration used did not alter the integrity of the HB chain and the structure proposed is L-arabino-(4-O-methyl-D-glucurono)-D-xylan. Increased KOH concentration did not result in significant difference in average molecular weight (Mw) of HB extracts. Data from relative crystallinity and thermal stability analysis suggested that increased KOH concentration to extract HB would result in higher crystallinity and thermal stability. All HB extracts were observed to produce 15 self-supporting films. Film thickness ranged from 0.13 - 0.14 mm. Data measured for the HB films were 11.22 – 13.18 MPa for tensile strength, 1.5 – 2.2 % for elongation, 96.5 - 99.2 % for solubility in water, 8.3 - 14.0% for water content and 8 x 10-11 - 1.15 x 10-10 gm-1s-1Pa-1 for water vapor permeability (WVP). SEM micrograph of film surface revealed a uniform and smooth surface for 1.0M HB film, on the contrary with 2.0 and 3.0M HB films which exhibit a rougher surface. Based on the overall analysis of characterization and film properties of HB extracted with different concentration of alkaline, it can be concluded that different alkaline concentration have effect on the physico-chemical and film properties of HB.
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Keywords
Characterization of physico-chemical and film properties , of hemicelluloses b from oil palm frond