Perbandingan morfologi dan kepelbagaian genetik varian-varian padi (oryza sativa complex) di jelapang padi Pulau Pinang
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Date
2010
Authors
PMD Hussain, Zainudin
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Abstract
Many rice variants can be found in many direct-seeded rice fields. These weedy
rice variants possess similar morphological characteristics to cultivated rice varieties,
making them more difficult to control as compared to other weeds. A comparative
morphological study was conducted by collecting weedy rice variants from the four sites
within the Penang rice growing areas. The objective of this study was to compare the 17
identified morphometric characteristics and DNA of commercial varieties. 36 different
variants were indentified based on plant height, flag leaf length and maturation days.
Observation were also included 4 commercial variety sampled from the location, 4 set
purified seed commercial varieties from MARDI and one wild rice varieties ( 0.
rujipogon). The PCA analyses of morphometric showed that 45.88% variation of weedy
rice variants and commercial varieties were observed within the three axis. The first axis
accounted for 20.63 % of the variation and was characterised by 1000 grain weight,
number of filled grain, number of empty grain, leaf width, plant erectness and leaf
pubescence. Second and third axis showed 13.78 % and 10.16 % matrixs' diffences
respectively. STRUCTURE analysis suggested that the most likely number of cluster
(K) for 45 the variants in this study was equal to eighteen. Based on pairwise FsT values,
Commercial varieties MR 219 were group together with some proportion of individual
from PP I weedy rice variants. Cluster 8 was exclusively consisted of SGN 4 individuals
(weedy rice variants), meanwhile wild rice and variants with awn seed were grouped
together in duster 11. Weedy rice variants such as PB 6, PP 2 and SGA 5 had the
highest number of tillers, longer panicle length, cuhns height and leaf length compared
to commercial rice. However, grain size of commercial varieties was slightly longer and
the chlorophylls content at 60-70 DAS was higher than other rice variants.
Morphological characters and genomic analyses were able to distinguish all the 45
variants used in the study.
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Keywords
Kepelbagaian genetik , Padi (oryza sativa complex) , Jelapang padi Pulau Pinang