The Effects Of Stichopus Variegatus Crude Extracts On Acute Contusive Rat Spinal Cord Injury Model : In Vitro And In Vivo Studies
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Date
2012-06
Authors
Ab Patar, Mohd Nor Azim
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Sea cucumbers from Pulau Perhentian, Malaysia are well known as potential marine
edible food sources and possess medicinal value to the Malaysian community. Despite
the presence of small industries and its usage amongst local folks, there is little work
done on its biological activity, especially on the central nervous system. In the present
study, Stichopus variegatus (SV) were harvested, processed and extracted in the
laboratory and were evaluated on their proliferative activity on rat astrocytes cell lines
(in vitro), as well as contusive spinal cord injury in a rat model (in vivo). In vitro
analysis of SV extract showed proliferative activity of rat astrocytes cell line at 5 μg/ml
and 10 μg/ml. The SV extracts showed a dose dependent effect. The EC50 of the
Perhentian SV extract was 5.18 μg/ml. In vivo analysis of SV extracts demonstrated that
Methylprednisolone and 10 μg/kg showed an improvement of the Basso Beattie
Breshnan (BBB) score of a rat contused spinal cord injury at day 14 (p=0.04), however
there were no differences on the distance travelled by each of the rats on day 14
(p>0.01). Methylprednisolone and 10 μg/kg of SV extract reduced intramedullary
hemorrhage compared to the control group (p<0.05). Correlation analysis demonstrated
a significant negative correlation between the BBB Locomotor scores and gray matter
hemorrhage (r2= -0.99) and white matter hemorrhage (r2= -0.93). Methylprednisolone
and 10 μg/kg of SV extract were also found to spare white matter (74.2% and 67.7%
respectively) after 14 days of injury compared to the control group (33%). The white
matter sparing was directly proportional to behavior improvement (r2= 0.91).
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Keywords
The effects of Stichopus variegatus crude extracts , acute contusive rat spinal cord injury model