In Vitro Anti-Mycobacterial And Bioactive Compounds Of Pluchea indica (L.) Less. Against Surrogate Tuberculosis Organisms

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorJamaludin, Azirah Inez
dc.date.accessioned2017-02-07T02:43:31Z
dc.date.available2017-02-07T02:43:31Z
dc.date.issued2016-07
dc.description.abstractPluchea indica (L.) Less. has been used widely in traditional medicine as a remedy of a variety of illnesses including symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) and thus, could provide an alternative source of anti-TB compounds. Preliminary in vitro screening of three different P. indica partitions, using tetrazolium microdilution assay showed that leaf and stem n-hexane and leaf chloroform partitions exhibited inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, M. fortuitum and M. kansasii with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 200 - 3200 μg/mL. The highest activity was shown by leaf n-hexane against M. kansasii with MIC of 200 μg/mL. The leaf n-hexane partition was selected for further bioassay guided fractionation process using thin layer and column chromatographic techniques, which yielded eight fractions (Fractions A - H). These fractions exhibited activity against M. kansasii with MICs in the range of 12.5 – 800 μg/mL. The highly active fractions (A, C, D, and E) also inhibited M. tuberculosis H37Ra with MICs in the range of 50 – 100 μg/mL. Phytochemical identifications of the most active fraction, Fraction C using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry produced 10 identified compounds, of which, n-hexadecanoic acid, 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z)-, and octadecanoic acid were the major compounds. Screening of these compounds against M. tuberculosis H37Ra showed that their activities were lower than the activity of their original Fraction C. Thus, Fraction C was further assessed on its interactions with four first-line anti-TB drugs against M. kansasii and M. tuberculosis H37Ra. One synergistic interaction was produced by the combination with rifampicin against M. tuberculosis H37Ra with fractional inhibitory concentration index (FICI) value of 0.375. An antagonistic interaction was observed in the combination with ethambutol against M. kansasii with FICI value of 4.125. Further study on the killing rate of the combination of Fraction C with rifampicin at their MIC values showed a bactericidal activity (95 % killing rate) towards the growth of M. tuberculosis H37Ra, whereas, Fraction C alone was bacteriostatic (67 % killing rate). Observation of the ultra-structure of the treated M. tuberculosis H37Ra cells under transmission electron microscope showed that Fraction C caused general disintegration of the cells particularly, the cell wall. The cytotoxicity study of Fraction C on nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line (NP69) showed that Fraction C was toxic with low IC50 value of 2.68 ± 0.1 μg/mL but the effects could be dose-dependent or time-dependent. The findings of this study gave a scientific basis to the traditional use of P. indica for symptoms of TB and this plant could be a potential source of anti-TB compounds worthy of further investigation.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3681
dc.subjectThe traditional use of P. indica for symptoms of TB and this plant could been_US
dc.subjecta potential source of anti-TB compounds.en_US
dc.titleIn Vitro Anti-Mycobacterial And Bioactive Compounds Of Pluchea indica (L.) Less. Against Surrogate Tuberculosis Organismsen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
Files
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Pusat Pengajian Sains Kajihayat - Tesis