Anti-inflammatory, analgesic and preliminary chemical investigations of crjnum asiaticum leaves
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Date
2001
Authors
S. Arafat, Ossama Mohammad
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of
Crinum asiaticum leaves through activity guided chemical fractionation in an attempt to
determine the active compound(s) in the plant. The anti-inflammatory activity' was
evaluated using the method of carrageenan induced hind paw oedema in mice while
analgesic activity was evaluated using Randall and Selitto ( 1957) method. The dried
pulverized C. asiaticum leaves were serially extracted with petroleum ether, followed
by chloroform and lastly methanol. The strongest anti-inflammatory and analgesic
activities were shown in the chloroform extract (250 mg/kg, p.o). The chloroform
extract was then fractionated using column chromatography into 5 fractions (ji-fs).
Fractio~s /4 and f5 screened positive for both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities.
Combination of f4 and f5. were fractionated again using column chromatography to
afford 8 fractions: D1 - D8. The results show that, at the dose of250 mg/kg only fraction
D6 significantly inhibited carrageenan induced oedema which suggest that the
compound(s} with anti-inflammatory activity is in fraction D6. Hyperactivity (which
sometime lead to death) and diarrhoea were observed in mice treated with chloroform
and methanol extracts as well as D1, D2 and D3 fractions. Hyperactivity was absent in
fractions 0 4 - 0 8 treated mice. Preliminary phytochemical analysis by thin layer
chromatography using specific reagents showed that fractions f4, f5 and 06 contained
alkaloids, anthrones, coumarins, triterpenes, glycosides, flavonoids and essential oils.
Fractionation of the chloroform extract of the plant into alkaloid (IA) and non-alkaloid
( :'-JA) fractions found that the anti-inflammatory .1ctivity was in the alkaloid fraction and
it was accompanied with hyperactivity while :ne analgesic activity was in the nonalkaloid
fraction. This led us to conclude that the compound(s) responsible for analgesic
activity is different from the compound(s) that caused anti-inflammatory activity and
the side effects of hyperactivity and diarrhoea.
Description
Keywords
Chemical investigations , Crinum asiaticum leaves