Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi - Tesis

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    Cost-effectiveness Analysis Of Idursulfase For The Treatment Of Hunter Syndrome In A Tertiary Referral Centre For Rare Diseases In Malaysia: A Partitioned Survival Model Approach
    (2024-08)
    Mustaffa, Khairu Hazwan
    Hunter syndrome (MPS-II) is among the costliest life-long genetic conditions associated with a substantial burden of illness and its significant impact on Malaysia's health systems, families, and society. There needs to be more studies demonstrating its value for money incorporating long-term effectiveness data, local costs situation, and population-specific utility values. The objective is to estimate the cost-effectiveness of long-term enzyme replacement therapy of idursulfase (ERTI) versus standard-of-care (SOC) from a societal using a streamlined modelling strategy in R. A de novo four states partitioned survival model approach was utilised to project and compare lifetime costs, QALYs, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of two care models. The disease progression was based on independent survival modelling of relevant published Kaplan-Meier (KM) data. The healthcare and out-of-pocket costs were drawn from the local setting. The quality-of-life was measured using the EQ5D5L and the TTO valuation of health state vignettes that matches the states in the model. Probabilistic and deterministic sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the uncertainty around the model results. The life expectancy was significantly longer in the ERTI than in the SOC, with SOC patients not surviving beyond the second decade of life on average. In contrast, life expectancy in the ERTI group exceeded 20 years (95% CI, 19.02-20.70). The lifetime incremental QALYs were 4.1 years (2.37-5.68).
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    Impact Of An Educational Intervention On Community Residents’ Knowledge, Attitudes And Perceptions Regarding Antibiotics And Antibiotic Resistance In Jelutong District, Penang, Malaysia
    (2018-08)
    Irawati, Lyna
    To combat antibiotic resistance (ABR), the World Health Organization (WHO) urges all nations to increase public knowledge of antibiotics and ABR. In Malaysia, there is a paucity of data regarding the impact of educational interventions on community residents’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions in relation to antibiotics and ABR. Therefore, this research project aimed to explore and assess community residents’ knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding antibiotics and ABR in Jelutong District, Penang, Malaysia. It also aimed to develop and implement an educational intervention to increase residents’ knowledge and change their attitudes towards and perceptions of antibiotics and ABR.
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    Neuroprotective Effect Of Andrographispaniculata In Betaamyloid Model Of Inflammation And Oxidative Stress
    (2019-08)
    Khor, Boon Keat
    The extracellular accumulation and deposition of P-amyloidi-42 (Ap) plaques in neuronal cells has been well accepted as one of the neuropathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer disease. This misfolded protein cause activation of glial cells and increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory mediators in the brain, leading to neuronal dysfunction and death. Studies suggested that phytochemicals found in the plant may attenuate the toxicity and inflammation caused by Ap. In this study, the neuroprotective potential of Andrographis paniculata standardised extracts and its diterpenes was evaluated in the Ap model of inflammation and oxidative stress. Three extracts, namely aqueous [AP(H2O)]» 50% ethanolic (50% EtOH) and 95% ethanolic (95% EtOH) were prepared (yield of 25-30.5%) and standardised using the major diterpenes, andrographolide (ADG), neoandrographolide (Neo) and 14-deoxy- 11,12-didehydroandrographolide (AP3).
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    In Vitro Anti Cancer Properties Of Thiadiazole Coumarin Derivatives Against Colon Cancer
    (2019-05)
    Furqan Faisal, Sarah
    Thiadiazole coumarin derivatives have been shown to be promising anti-cancer agents. In this study, five different thiadoazole coumarin derivatives (TCDs) were studied for their anticancer activity towards colorectal, breast and lung carcinoma. The TCDs {(OCH3-TC 1), (H3CO-TC 2), (H3CO-TC 3), (Br-TC 4), & (OH-TC)} are different in their structures. The compounds were tested for two important pathways of carcinogenesis namely angiogenesis and apoptosis. Angiogenesis is a process of new blood vessel development which is crucial for neoplastic tissues to obtain nourishment for their growth and metastasis.
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    Chemical Isolation, Characterization And Biological Properties Of Some Native Remedies
    (1979-12)
    Tze-Fung, Yvonne Tan
    A preliminary microbiological screening was performed on five local Malaysian herbs which were claimed to possess certain medicinal values. These herbs were the pods of Abelmoxhue eeoulentue, the flowers of Hibieeue rosaeineneie, the plants of Mimosa pudica, the leaves of Parkia javaniaa and the leaves of Pel.tophoxum ptierocarpum, Abelmoxhus eecul.entue was the only herb that exhibited no antibacterial activity at the doses tested while the rest of the four herbs showed promising results in their antibacterial activity by both ditch-plate and hole-plate methods. Results from the bioassay of herbal extracts and antibiotics (Potassium Penicillin V and Streptomycin Sulphate) showed linear relationships in the dose response curves, however, due to lack of parallelism between the standards and extracts used, it indicated that the herbal extracts might possess a different antibacterial mode of action as that of the standard antibiotics.