Pusat Pengajian Sains Farmasi - Tesis

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Prevalence And Clinico-Laboratory Characteristics Of Mono Dengue And Dengue-Malaria Dual Infection And Their Association With Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients In Pakistan Tertiary Care Hospitals
(2024-12)
Riaz, Muhammad
Dengue and malaria have similar clinical manifestations and laboratory characteristics, thus making it difficult to distinguish between the two infections during the endemic period. Dengue viral infection is a debilitating and dangerous vector-borne disease that has spread rapidly and becoming endemic in many parts of the world in recent years. According to world health organization (who) survey in pakistan plasmodium vivax prevalence is 84%. While, 14.9% and 1.1% cases were due to p. Falciparum and mixed infection respectively. Dengue fever is the major cause of illness and death geographically. Despite of aggressive precautionary measures, pakistan is still facing worsening dengue crisis over the past few years. It warrants an urgent need to evaluate dengue cases and dual infection cases to understand its clinico-laboratory spectrum in order to combat with these infectious diseases. Moreover, recent data indicated the rapid but transient rise in serum creatinine associated with the dengue induced acute kidney injury (aki) among dengue patients. This is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in dengue patients. Aki is still a neglected complication of dengue mono infection and dengue malaria dual infection in pakistan.
Investigation Of The Wound Healing Activity Of Topical Gel Extract Of Curcuma Aromatica Salisb. (Wild Turmeric) In Stz- Induced Diabetic Mice Model
(2024-11)
Muhammad, Umar Nura
Wound healing is a complex biological process that requires a series of concurrent physiological phases, such as haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation (granulation and epithelialisation) and remodelling (maturation). This healing process is coordinated by complicated cellular and molecular mechanisms involving different growth factors and cytokines. However, chronic metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus are known to cause chronic, non-healing wounds such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure ulcers. Chronic wound pathophysiology often involves redox imbalance and inflammatory pathway dysregulation, sometimes with concurrent microbial infection. Redox imbalance is a phenomenon that increases free radical production and decreases the antioxidant defence mechanism in the body, as seen in diabetic foot ulcers and pressure ulcers where endogenous antioxidants like glutathione and tocopherols are significantly reduced or absent, indicating a severe oxidative imbalance causing tissue injury known as oxidative stress via lipid peroxidation of membranes and oxidation of essential proteins and enzymes. For this reason, there is a growing interest in the study of new wound-healing pharmaceuticals containing plant extracts having compounds with free radical scavenging properties that can effectively and significantly improve wound healing and protect against oxidative stress. This current research focuses on developing and evaluating an extract gel of curcuma aromatica (c. Aromatica) rhizomes for wound healing in diabetic and non-diabetic mice models.
Assessment Of Clinical Outcomes And Safety Profile Of Biologic And Targeted Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (Dmards) For Rheumatoid Arthritis Management In Malaysian Population
(2024-06)
Gheshmi, Nasreh Shamsi Poor
Rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation of the synovial tissue in the joints, resulting in joint damage and subsequent physical disability. In recent years, significant advancements in the treatment of ra have been witnessed, primarily due to the introduction of biologic and targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (dmards). However, despite their effectiveness, they possess clinically unfavourable consequences. The aim of this thesis is to assess the efficacy and safety of biologic and targeted synthetic dmards therapy on the clinical outcomes of malaysian individuals with ra. To meet the objective of the thesis, retrospective and prospective, longitudinal study was conducted at hospital putrajaya and hospital serdang, malaysia. Ra patients 18 years old and above with biologic and targeted synthetic dmards therapy were screened and enrolled. The specifically designed data collection form was used to obtain required information. Obtained data were analysed by using statistical package for social sciences (spss version 26). Out of 270 patients with biologic and targeted synthetic dmards therapy included in the study, female comprises the majority of study population (70.7%) and 51.1 % malay. More than half of the patients were biologic naïve (54.8%), and 55.9% received monotherapy. During 12 months follow up, statistically significant reduction of disease activity score (das28) was observed (f (2.97, 701.48) = 255.91, p < 0.001).
Evaluation Of Hydroxypropyl Methylcelluloe (HPMC) As A Tablet Coating Material Using Conventional Pan Coating
(2003-07)
Alfadol, Khalid Ibrahim
Even though pharmaceutical coatings were once predominantly of the sugar coating variety, film coating has become the process of choice in the pharmaceutical industry today. In this study the suitability of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) (Pharmacoat 606) as a tablet film-coating system was evaluated. The moisture permeability and mechanical properties of some aqueous free films were evaluated using permeability cell and stress-strain techniques respectively.
Measuring Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Patients With Chronic Heart Failure And The Costeffectiveness And Affordability Of Empagliflozin For Heart Failure Treatment: The Malaysian Perspective
(2024-10)
Tan, Yi Jing
Heart failure (hf) causes debilitating symptoms, reduced functional capacity, and an increased risk of hospitalisation and mortality, placing a significant strain on the malaysian ministry of health (moh), and adversely impacting patients’ healthrelated quality of life (hrqol). Despite its prognostic value, hrqol among local hf patients remains unexplored. Hf is often categorised using a left ventricular ejection fraction (lvef) cut-off of 40% to distinguish between the lvef≤40% and lvef>40% subgroups, which differ in pathophysiology, comorbidities, and responses to available treatments. Although trials have demonstrated empagliflozin’s efficacy and safety in both hf subgroups, evaluating its cost-effectiveness and affordability is crucial for decision-making about its adoption within the moh. While local economic analyses suggest empagliflozin’s cost-effectiveness and affordability for treating the lvef≤40% subgroup, these factors remain to be confirmed for the lvef>40% subgroup. Moreover, previous cost-effectiveness analysis (cea) did not incorporate local utility data, limiting the generalisability of the findings to the local context. This research aimed to address gaps in local hrqol and utility data for hf, and to perform a cea and budget impact analysis (bia) of empagliflozin treatment across the full lvef spectrum.

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