Population genetics of the Malaysian blood cockle, Anadara Granosa, using rapd-pcr and partial mtdna sequencing methods
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Date
2009
Authors
Chee, Su Yin
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Abstract
The cockle culture in Peninsular Malaysia is an important commodity in Malaysia
generating hundreds of thousands of ringgit each year for the fisheries sector. This
important source of protein is high in demand in the food, import and export industry.
Culturing the cockles in local farms help meet the demands of consumers as well as
regulate the production to ensure constant supply. However, the species Anadara
granosa is lacking genetic information which is an essential component in successful
breeding, culture and conservation. Therefore, this study is designed to meet the need
for a baseline study of the species to support management strategies. Ten populations of
cockles were sampled off the coasts of different states found from the north to the south
of thealong the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The cockles were collected in
collaboration with the Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), Penang. The population
genetics of the cockles were studied via two methods: 1. RAPD-PCR; 2. mtDNA
sequencing. A total of 300 individuals were used in RAPD-PCR for the experiments.
RAPD-PCR was employed in the first half of the project as means to obtain nuclear
some genetic information. for the species which has never been studied before. The
technique which did not require any background information about the species proved
to be useful as it could illustrate homogeneity among the populations sampled along the
west coast. Analyses also showed that the genetic differentiation was not directly
related to geographic distancecockles were not geographically distributed. The second
method, mtDNA sequencing, was employed to complement the information obtained
from RAPD-PCR. The gene selected for mtDNA sequencing was cytochrome c oxidase
I (COI). A total of 150 individuals were successfully sequenced to yield a partial gene
585bp in length. Statistical analysis showed homogeneity in general but did reveal some
degree of variability between the populations in Johor and the restamong populations. It
is We proposed that the homogeneity between distant populations could be caused by
two factors; 1. the translocasportation of the spats, 2. from one state to the other
manually for culture purposes or by current movements which carries the larvae is
carried by current movement from the north of the peninsular to the south. The As for
their variability found in Johora few states could be due to , pollution, mutagenic
substances or physical factors such as the depth of the water column could be the cause.
This population genetics study is the first for this species found in Peninsular Malaysia.
The data from this study have important implications for fishery management,
conservation of blood cockles and translocation policy for aquaculture and stock
enhancement programs.
Description
Master
Keywords
Biological Science , Population genetics , Blood cockle