Kajian Perbandingan Tingkah Laku Altruisme Dalam Kalangan Empat Suku Utama Di Komuniti Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara
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Date
2015-08
Authors
Imami, Muliadi
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Abstract
This study aims to compare altruism behavior among four major ethnic groups in Aceh Tenggara, Indonesia. This study also compares elements of social norms, religiosity and inter-ethnic positive social interactions. In addition, the study also examines relationships between altruism behavior and elements of social norms, religiosity and inter-ethnic positive social interactions among people of different groups. The study used a mixed method of inquiry, which integrates both the principles of qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the quantitative approach, four different scales were used that is self-report assessment of altruism adopted from SR-A Scale, social norms scale adopted from Individualism-Collectivism Scale (IC Scale), religious devotion scale adopted from Dimension of Religiosity Scale (DR-Scale), and Social Interaction Scale. The questionnaires were distributed to 400 participants from the four major ethnic groups of Alas, Gayo, Batak, and Karo in the Aceh Tenggara, Indonesia. Participants comprised of 50 males and 50 females from each ethnic group. Purposive and snowballing techniques were used as sampling methods for the quantitative part of this study. For the qualitative part of inquiry, data collection focused on semi structured interviews with key persons from each group. Research findings show no significant differences in terms of altruism across four main ethnicities in Aceh Tenggara, either in attitudes or in the frequency of their altruistic practices. The same pattern can be observed for the local social norms, level of religiosity, and positive social interaction variables. The study, however, found a significant correlation between altruistic behavior and each of the social norms, the religious devotion and the positive interaction variable. Similar patterns can be observed among different ethnic groups. In terms of theoretical implications, this study provides evidence to support theories suggested by previous researchers. With regards to practical implications, this study recommends that local government should take a greater role in promoting social norms, religious values as an attempt to increase pro-social behaviors in the society.
Key Word: Altruism, Social Norms, Religious, and Positive Interactions.
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Social sciences