Physicochemical Properties Of Starch From Sago (Metroxylon Sagu) Palm Grown In Mineral Soil At Different Growth Stages
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Date
2011-06
Authors
Mat Zain, Noorul Wahidah
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Malaysia is currently the largest world exporter of starch from sago (Metroxylon sagu) palm i.e. 47,000 metric ton/year where 96% from the starch was produced in Sarawak. The major problem faces by the industry or food manufacturer is the variation in quality of sago starch from batch to batch. The existing data are not sufficient to cater the increasing demand for high quality sago starch from the industry. An understanding of basic properties is required to effectively utilize the starch which data is still lacking for sago palm grown in mineral soil. This study was carried out to determine the effects of different growth stages and different heights on the physicochemical properties of starch granule extracted from sago palm. Four commercial growth stages of sago palm i.e. Plawei (palms at maximum vegetative growth), Bubul (appearance of flowering structure), Angau Muda (flowering) and Angau Tua (fruiting) were studied. The sampling point was taken at two different heights for each growth stage: base (1 meter above the ground) and middle (5 meter above the ground) at the same sago palm trunk. Results from this study indicated that starch, amylose, fat, protein and ash content of the starches accumulated plentifully at the base of the palm then lessen towards the middle height for all growth stages except for Bubul stages. The highest starch content was found at Plawei stage (94.2%) and Angau Muda stage (97.9%) at base and middle height, respectively. Granule size distributions were similar as the palm grows to the later growth stages. The highest mean diameter of sago starches granules was found at Angau Muda stage (33.3μm) at base height. Angau Muda stage has the highest resistance where syneresis does not happen after five cycles of freeze-thaw analysis. The physicochemical properties characteristics of sago starch from both different growth and height did not differ significantly.
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Keywords
Physicochemical properties of starch from sago , grown in mineral soil at different growth stages