Antiangiogenic Activity Of Sophorolipids Extracted From Refined, Bleached And Deodorized (RBD) Palm Olein
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Date
2017-08
Authors
Kithur Mohamed, Shazmin
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Sophorolipids (SLs) is a group of surface active glycolipids produced by a type of non-pathogenic yeast, Candida bombicola in the presence of vegetable oil via fermentation technology. SLs has been shown to have antitumor activity however the mechanism of action underlying the anticancer activity of SLs is poorly understood. This present work evaluated the anticancer activity of SLs fermented from palm oil by exploring its angiogenic activity. The SLs that was extracted via fermentation process was characterized using UV-IR and GC-MS analysis. The total phenolic content of SLs was quantified and the antioxidant activity was also evaluated. Cytotoxicity study was performed on transformed endothelial cells EA.hy926 cells followed by colony formation assay to assess cytostatic properties. An ex vivo assay performed on isolated rat aortic tissue was also carried out followed by a series of angiogenesis assays including endothelial tube formation, cell migration and VEGF expression. The relative fold change in the expression of p53 mRNA by SLs was also studied. Altogether, the data shows that SLs derived from palm oil fermentation process inhibited neovascularization in the ex vivo tissue segments and also the endothelial cell proliferation between 50 – 65% inhibition as a whole. The compound also disrupts endothelial cell migration and tube formation. The palm oil derived SLs also caused downregulation of the suppression level of VEGF and also upregulate the p53 mRNA level. The analytical studies revealed the presence of high amount of phenolic compounds but with relatively weak antioxidant activity. The GC-MS studies revealed abundant amount of palmitic and oleic acid, the latter an established antiangiogenic agent and the former being proangiogenic. Therefore, it can be concluded from this study that SLs derived from fermented palm oil has potent antiangiogenic activity which may be attributed by its oleic acid component. The angiogenesis inhibition may be a major contributing factor for the anticancer activity previously observed in this compound.
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Keywords
Antiangiogenic activity of sophorolipids extracted from , Refined, bleached and deodorized palm olein