Association of melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene mutation, physical activity, and food intake between normal and overweight Malay children
| dc.contributor.author | Tan, Yee Lin | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2017-09-08T06:54:14Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2017-09-08T06:54:14Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013-06 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Overweight and obesity has become an alarming issue worldwide and the problem is on the rise. Obesity arises when there is energy imbalance where energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. It can be resulted from the interaction between genetic, behavioral and environmental factors. Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) mutation is the most common known monogenic cause of human obesity that impairs energy homeostasis by increasing food intake and decreasing energy expenditure. MC4R mutation N62S which was found in children of Pakistani origin was found to partially impair the receptor function which might cause obesity. On the other hand, behavioral factors leading to obesity include increased energy intake and reduced physical activity. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the presence and frequency of MC4R mutation N62S among Malay children, and to determine the influence of mutation N62S, physical activity level and total caloric intake on overweight. One hundred and twenty children of the age of 9-11 years were recruited and analyzed for the presence of mutation N62S through high resolution melt (HRM) analysis; activity counts by using accelerometer GT3X+ (Actigraph, UK); physical activity level based on activity count according to Yildirim et al. (2011); and total caloric intake and percentage of fat intake goal achieved per day through the subjects' food diary analysis by DAPlus software (Esha Research, USA). N62S mutant was not found in all Malay children from both of the normal and overweight groups. No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of activity count (P = 0.282) and total caloric intake (P = 0.179). No association was found between BMI status and physical activity level (P = 0.660). Normal weight children achieved significantly higher percentage of fat intake goal than overweight children with the mean(standard deviation) of 91.17(40.91) and 63.60(27.98) %, respectively (P < 0.001). The absence of N62S mutant in the Malay children in the present study might be due to its low prevalence. The belief that overweight children take in more energy and fat, and have lesser energy output than non-overweight children was not proven in the present study. These findings suggested that overweight and obesity might be resulted from other environmental factors, or even an underreport of fat intake, which worth future study taking all these factors into consideration. Besides, future study with larger sample size is suggested to determine if the N62S mutant is really absent in Malay children, and inactivity and high energy intake among children would be the important factors for childhood obesity development in Malaysia. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/4546 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Universiti Sains Malaysia | en_US |
| dc.subject | Obesity | en_US |
| dc.title | Association of melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene mutation, physical activity, and food intake between normal and overweight Malay children | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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