THE ASSOCIATION OF BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) WITH CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
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Date
2011-11
Authors
DZAWANI, MUHAMAD
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Pusat Pengajian Sains Perubatan Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Tuberculosis is becoming an increasingly important problem worldwide especially with the
alarming increase in the incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The
association of Body Mass Index (BMI) with clinical outcomes of patients with pulmonary
tuberculosis had been studying worldwide but local data is lacking. Previous studies showed that
BMI can be used as a screening tools for the nutritional status. Low BMI has a strong relationship
with risk of tuberculosis and high BMI has been shown to be protective against tuberculosis (TB)
among HIV negative individuals, as well as against disease progression and mortality among those
with HIV. This study is designed to evaluate the association of BMI with clinical outcomes in
patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.
METHODS
This study was conducted in new patients registered with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a
Respiratory Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from May 2010 to may 2011. The objective
of this study was to study the association between body mass index (BMI) and clinical outcomes in
patients with PTB (defined as sputum conversion rate, weight gain and adverse drug reactions).
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RESULTS
There were 127 patients (68 men and 59 women) were recruited in this study whose 123 TB
patients (96.1%) were new PTB and 4 PTB patients (3.1%) were relapse PTB. 81 patients (63.3%)
had PTB smear positive, 45 patients (35.2%) had PTB smear negative and 1 patients (0.8%) had
miliary TB. 65 patients (49.3%) were underweight on admission ( body mass index (BMI) <18.5
kg/m² ). There were 50 patients (41.2%) were normal weight ( BMI 18.50-24.99 kg/m²), 10 patients
(7.4%) were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m²) and 2 patients (2.0%) were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²).
102 patients (95.4%) had weight increment, 98 patients (77.0%) had sputum conversion and 12
patients (9.0%) had adverse drug reactions (ADRs).
Univariate analysis showed no significant association between BMI group and clinical outcomes of
PTB (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION
As a conclusion, majority of the patients who were diagnosed to have pulmonary TB were
underweight. Majority of the patients had a good smear positive response (64-100%) and weight
gain (74-100%), irrespective of BMI groups. 12% of the patients developed allergic drug reactions
and mostly from lower BMI groups.
Description
Keywords
Internal Medicine