Antidiabetic Activity Of Phaleria Macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruit Extracts
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Date
2012-06
Authors
Ali Antisha, Rabyah B.
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
The fruit of Phaleria macrocarpa is used in traditional medicine in Indonesia and the eastern part of Malaysia, as a remedy for the management of diabetes mellitus. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the antidiabetic activity of this fruit in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic rats. The pulverized dried fruits were sequentially extracted in petroleum ether, methanol and water. None of the extracts (1 g/kg) exerted an effect on blood glucose of normal rats. The methanol and water extracts significantly inhibited the rise of blood glucose after glucose loading in intra-peritoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) in normal rats. After 12 days daily of oral treatment, only methanol extract (ME), lowered the blood glucose (P<0.05) level of diabetic rats. The methanol extract was then fractionated to obtain chloroform (CF), ethyl acetate (EAF), n-butanol (NBF) and aqueous (AF) fractions. In IPGTT, NBF significantly inhibited the rise of blood glucose levels (P<0.05) after glucose loading in normal rats. Daily oral treatment of NBF for 12 days also lowered blood glucose level (P<0.05) of diabetic rats. NBF was therefore further fractionated into sub-fractions I (SFI) and sub-fraction II (SFII). SFI significantly inhibited the rise of blood glucose (P<0.05) in IPGTT and lowered plasma insulin (P<0.05) along with glucose in diabetic rats. NBF showed the highest inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (75%) and α-amylase (87%) in vitro. In vivo, in diabetic rats, NBF and SFI were also found to suppress peak blood glucose (PBG) by 15.08% and 6.46%, respectively, resulting in a reduction in the area under the curve (AUC) by 14.23% and 12.46%, respectively, after an oral sucrose challenge (P<0.05). The suppressive effects on PBG and AUC were also demonstrated in glucose and starch tolerance test, but to a lesser extent.
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Keywords
Antidiabetic activity of Phaleria macrocarpa , Boerl fruit extracts