Activated carbon from lemon peel and mangosteen peel for dyes removal
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Date
2018-09-01
Authors
Mohamed Fadhil Mohamed Vaisul
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Abstract
Dyes adsorption as a technique for treating wastewater especially from textile and dyeing industry remains an area of interest. On the other hand, adsorption using renewable adsorbent provide trouble free and commercially cheap operation. Therefore, this study aims to synthesise activated carbon (AC) from lemon peel (LP) and mangosteen peel (MP) to adsorb MB and RBBR dyes. AC’s undergoes physiochemical activation process which involves potassium hydroxide (KOH) impregnation and carbon dioxide (CO2) gasification and heated with microwave. During the preparation of AC’s, the optimum preparation conditions were obtained from response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum parameters are microwave radiation power, radiation time and KOH: char impregnation ratio (IR). Relatively high Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area and total pore volume were found on prepared LPAC (730.25 m2/g and 0.3950 cm3/g and MPAC (892.10 m2/g and 0.4640 cm3/g). The significance of initial dye concentration (25-300 mg/L), contact time (0–24 hours) and solution temperature (30-60°C) were also studied. The obtained equilibrium data for both dyes were best fitted by Freundlich model with Freundlich surface heterogeneity factor, 1/nF was found to be 0.6579, 0.6944, 0.6452, and 0.6459 for MB-LPAC, MB-MPAC, RBBR-LPAC and RBBR-MPAC respectively. Meanwhile, the kinetics data were best demonstrated by the pseudo second-order model for MB and RBBR. The adsorption process of MB and RBBR onto AC’s were exothermic in nature.