Antihyperlipidemic And Antiatherosclerotic Activities Of Alternanthera Sessilis Extracts

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dc.contributor.authorUsman, Nasiba Salisu
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-18T02:50:25Z
dc.date.available2018-01-18T02:50:25Z
dc.date.issued2015-10
dc.description.abstractAlternanthera sessilis is used in Malaysian folk medicine for treatment of several diseases and disorders. The present study was conducted to evaluate the antihyperlipidemic effect and mechanisms of action of the extracts of A. sessilis. The dried whole plant was serially macerated with petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol and water. In poloxamer induced hyperlipidemia study, methanol and water extracts (1000mg/kg) significantly lowered serum triglyceride (TG) and LDL. Water extract significantly reduced total cholesterol (TC) and coronary risk index (CRI) (P<0.01; P<0.05). In high fat diet rat model, the study took total period of 28days. Methanol extract (1000mg/kg) significantly lowered TC and TG (P<0.01; P<0.01). While water extract (1000mg/kg) significantly lowered serum TC, triglyceride, LDL and CRI ratio (P<0.05 - 0.001). The dose response studies of Water extract showed lipid lowering effect of the extract in dose dependent manner. Two hundred and fifty mg/kg of water extract proved to be the lowest effective dose in this activity. Water extract was further fractionated into butanol and water fractions. Both fractions showed lipid lowering effect in dose dependent manner although water fraction was more potent. Water extract was administered in three doses for 45days in 45days high fat diet induced atherosclerotic rats. Tail cuff measurement of blood pressure showed that administration of high fat diet for 45days significantly increased systolic blood pressure and treatment with water extract at 1000mg/kg significantly lowered it. In pulse wave velocity measurement (PWV), there was significant decrease in 1000 and 500 mg/kg water extract (P<0.05). There was significant reduction in TC, TG, LDL and CRI ratio in dose dependent pattern. In vitro and in vivo antihyperlipidemic mechanisms of the water extract were evaluated. There was significant reduction in liver fat and increased fecal fat and total bile acids in high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. The IC50 values of the extract and its fractions suggest that the antihyperlipidemic activity of the extract was partly through inhibition of HMG CoA reductase, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic cholesterol esterase, cholesterol micellization and oral fat loading. In vitro antioxidant study of the four extracts showed methanol and water extracts as strong antioxidants. The preliminary phytochemical study showed the presence of flavonoid, Saponin and glycoside in water extract and fraction. This finding suggests that water extract can act as lipid lowering and antiatherosclerotic agent in poloxamer and high fat diet induced hyperlipidemia.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/5412
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversiti Sains Malaysiaen_US
dc.subjectAntihyperlipidemic effect and mechanismsen_US
dc.subjectof action of the extracts of A. sessilisen_US
dc.titleAntihyperlipidemic And Antiatherosclerotic Activities Of Alternanthera Sessilis Extractsen_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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