Evaluation Of Illness Perceptions And Their Associations With Glycaemic Control, Chronic Kidney Disease And Medication Adherence In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients At Hospital Pulau Pinang
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Date
2018-05
Authors
Balasubramaniam, Shamila
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Malaysia has a high prevalence of diabetes at 16.9% and suboptimal glycaemic control with only 23.8% achieving HbA1C of <7%. Illness perceptions (IP) involve coping strategies and behavioural responses that influence glycaemic control. The objective of this study was to evaluate IP and their associations with glycaemic control, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and medication adherence in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients (T2DM). A cross-sectional study was conducted in a purposive sample of 384 T2DM patients using Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire and 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. T2DM patients >18 years under regular follow-up were included. The patients’ median age was 58.1 years and median duration of diabetes was 13 years. There were 55.7% females and an ethnic distribution of 38.8% Malays, 31.0% Chinese and 28.9% Indians. A staggering 79.4% of patients had poor diabetes control and 39.6% of patients had low medication adherence. The median score of Timeline Acute/Chronic, Consequences, Personal Control, Treatment Control, Illness Coherence, Timeline Cyclical and Emotional Representations was 23, 18, 22, 18, 19, 12 and 14, respectively. Patients with good glycaemic control had a higher Timeline Acute/Chronic (p=0.048) and Emotional Representations (p=0.032) score than poorly controlled patients, indicating they believed that diabetes is chronic and experienced negative emotions. Patients in more advanced stage of CKD had a significantly higher Timeline Cyclical score (χ2=18.718, p=0.001), believing that their diabetes was unpredictable.
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Keywords
Evaluation of illness perceptions and their associations , with glycaemic control, chronic kidney disease