KAJIAN KEBERKESANAN EKSTRAKAN KAYU BALAU, KEMPAS DAN DURIAN TERHADAP KULAT PEREPUT PUTIH (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) SERTA SIFAT-SIFAT FIZIKAL DAN MEKANIKAL KAYU

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2007-05
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The objective of this research was to study the effect of toxicity of the extracts from three different woods that is balau (Shorea spp.) , kempas (Kompassia malaccensis) and durian (Durio spp.) on the white rot fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) and to isolate the component of the anti fungi. Three solvents were used in sequence to extract the wood which are acetone, pentane and mixture of hexane: acetone: water (HAW) with volume ratio 44:54:2. Five concentrations of extractive solutions were prepared, they are 0 ppm, 10 ppm, 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 1000 ppm. The rubber woods (Hevea brasiliensis) blocks were then treated with the solution and later were exposed to the fungi for 12 weeks. Effects on mechanical properties of wood before and after extraction also determined in this research. The results revealed that the extractive of balau was produced more compared to kempas and durian and the extraction using acetone solvent produce more extractive than pentane and HAW. From the ANOVA statistical analysis on the data from toxicity test with white rot fungus shows that the percentage weight lost of rubber wood blocks treated with durian extractive is the highest, followed by kempas and the lowest is balau (P<0.05, the mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level),. According to statistical analysis the effects of the use of solvent on the percentage weight loss shows no significant different (P<0.05). The results also shows that the extractive concentration has significant effect (P<0.05) on the percentage weight loss of the rubber wood blocks. However, from the statistical analysis indicate that the percentage weight loss of the rubber wood blocks treated with three types of extractives were not dependent on the solvent used and extractive concentration. The result from Prussian blue assay shows that the phenolic anti fungal component in the balau extractive is hydrolysable tannin. Studies on mechanical properties of the wood samples before and after extraction shows slightly decreasing in tensile strength, tensile extension and flexural stress, whereby modulus tensile, modulus flexural and impact strength slightly increased. Generally, this indicates that the removal extractives affect the mechanical properties of the wood.
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KULAT , MEKANIKAL KAYU
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