Theeffectsof Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (Cbt) On Stress And Psychological Well-Being In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
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Date
2015-07
Authors
Alvani, Seyed Reza
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, progressive disease that has reached an epidemic level
around the world and is a highly prevalent condition in Malaysia as well. Co-morbid
psychological factors such as stress, depression, and anxiety in diabetics are associated
with high levels of glycemic and diabetes complications. Therefore, the development
and clinical implementation of effective psychological interventions are important. One
such intervention is Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), which is approved and
recommended by professionals as an empirically-supported method of treatment for
diabetes around the world. The objective of the present study was to determine whether
participation in group CBT would result in a decline in diabetes distress and improved
psychological well-being, as well as a glycemic control closer to an acceptable level for
adults with type 2 diabetes in Malaysia. The participants of the present study were 60
type 2 diabetes adults (ages 20-65) with HbA1c ≥ 7.5 from Pusat Sejahtera (Universiti
Sains Malaysia clinic) who were selected by the convenience sampling technique. After
signing written informed consent, participants completed the Well-Being Questionnaire
(W-BQ 22) and Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS-17). The participants who were interested
to join to therapy were assigned to the experimental group, and those who were not
interested were assigned to the control group. The experimental group (n = 30) received
group CBT, whereas the control group (n = 30) received no therapy. The statistical
model used to test the effect of the intervention was a mixed between-within ANOVA.
The experimental and control groups served as the between-group factor, and diabetes
distress, psychological well-being and HbA1c levels before and after therapy served as
the within-group factors. After the three-month programme, a significant decline in the
level of distress and an improvement in the level of psychological well-being were
observed among participants from the experimental group, but not for those in the
control group. The results also suggested that the therapy could help participants to
achieve more acceptable HbA1c levels compared to those of the control group. The
effectiveness of group CBT, with its aims to improve glycemic control, decrease the
level of distress and increase the level of psychological well-being, was consistent with
previous research for type 1 and type 2 diabetes patients around the world. Researchers,
the Ministry of Health, and the government must give due interest and commitment to
psychological care as a pathway to diabetes mitigation among Malaysian adults.
Description
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus