Possible Mechanisms Of Action And Inhibition Of Biofilm By Cassia Spectabilis (DC.) Methanol Leaf Extract On Candida Albicans Cells And The Cytotoxicity Effect
| dc.contributor.author | Ayah Torey, Angeline Torey | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-06-17T06:56:49Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-06-17T06:56:49Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012-07 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Candida albicans in its biofilm mode of growth is increasingly attracting interest in its role in human infections due to the development of resistance to commonly-used antibiotics or phenotypic adaptation within the biofilm. Hence, in this study the inhibitory effect of methanol extract of Cassia spectabilis leaves was evaluated against biofilm-forming C. albicans with the mechanisms of action. The leaf extract was first standardized in terms of authenticity, assay and chemical constituent analysis. Then the antifungal activity of the extract against C. albicans was established by using the disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay using the broth macrodilution method. It was found that the MIC value obtained was 6.25 mg/ml and this concentration of the extract was used throughout this study. The antibiofilm activity of the extract on C. albicans biofilms formed on microtitre plate surfaces were evaluated using the XTT (2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5- sulfophenyl)-5[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide) assay and the extract inhibited 96.88 + 0.35% of the C. albicans biofilm, whereby fluconazole, which was used as a positive control inhibited of 95.39 + 0.23% of the biofilm. Visual observations using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed damaged and abnormal C. albicans cells and the biofilm was shrivelled and broken down when the fungal cells were treated with the C. spectabilis leaf extract and the extent of the damage increased as the time of treatment increased. The fluorescent microscopy results was in agreement with the SEM observation, as well as the biofilm assay, whereby as the time of treatment with the extract increased, there were more dead cells which fluoresced red. In addition to the antifungal and antibiofilm activities, the possible mechanisms of action of the C. spectabilis leaf extract was determined, whereby four different methods were used. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/8300 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Universiti Sains Malaysia | en_US |
| dc.subject | Candida albicans in its biofilm mode of growth | en_US |
| dc.subject | interest in its role in human infections | en_US |
| dc.title | Possible Mechanisms Of Action And Inhibition Of Biofilm By Cassia Spectabilis (DC.) Methanol Leaf Extract On Candida Albicans Cells And The Cytotoxicity Effect | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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