Anticancer Studies Of Mesua Ferrea Linn. Oleo-Gum Resin Extracts Towards Human Colon Cancer Models
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Date
2017-01
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Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Mesua ferrea (Penaga lilin) of family Calophyllaceae is traditionally used by
the natives of Asian countries including Malaysia as an anticancer, antiinflammatory,
immunity booster and wound healing agent. It is reported to contain
coumarins, xanthones, terpenoid and sterol type of phytochemicals. The current
study was designed to validate the traditional uses of M. ferrea as an anticancer and
wound healing agent. Oleo-gum resin was extracted by sonication method which
resulted in the collection of active ethanol extract (RCr). Fractionation of RCr
resulted in the collection of n-hexane extract (RH) as most potent sample. Data of
cytotoxic and antimetastatic screening assays showed that RH prompted cytotoxicity
in multiple cancer cell lines and inhibited cell invasion, migration and colony
formation processes in the most susceptible colon cancer cells (HCT 116).
Phytochemical analysis revealed that RH was having low amounts of total phenolic
and total flavonoid compounds. GC-MS and HPLC analysis indicated isoledene as
one of the major compounds in RH. Mechanistically, ROS-mediated downregulation
of HSP27, HSP60, HSP70, survivin and xIAP with subsequent upregulation
of Bim, caspases-3/7 and TRAIL-R2 proteins is suggested to be
responsible for the cytotoxic and antimetastatic effects of RH. Further fractionat ion
of RH resulted in the collection of isoledene rich sub-fraction (IR-SF). Preliminary
chemical characterization by GC-MS and HPLC methods revealed the presence of
isoledene as one of the marker compounds. Mechanistic studies showed that IR-SF
down-regulated the expression of Bcl-2, Bcl-w, survivin, xIAP and HSPs with
simultaneous up-regulation of Bid, Bim and cytochrome c proteins in HCT 116 cells.
It also increased ROS, LDH and caspase-8, -9 and -3/7 levels in HCT 116 cells.
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Keywords
Anticancer studies of mesua ferrea linn , towards human colon cancer