Distribution Of Greenback Mullet Liza Subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) In Relation To Environmental Parameters Of Pinang River Estuary, Balik Pulau, Penang
| dc.contributor.author | Zolkhiflee, Nurhafiza | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-12-07T01:58:24Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-12-07T01:58:24Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016-05 | |
| dc.description.abstract | The mullet (Liza subviridis) and environmental parameters (i.e. pH, salinity, conductivity, total dissolve solid (TDS), temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, total suspended solid (TSS), nutrients, sand particle and organic matter) were collected in four different stations along Pinang River estuary in Balik Pulau during spring tide for one year period (March 2013 – February 2014). Gill net and cast net of known area were used for fish sample collection. A total of 2286 individuals (635 males and 1651 females) were sampled. L. subviridis were found in all stations but only larger individuals with length size of 13.2 cm - 19.6 cm were found in the coastal area while variety of length (9.3 cm – 19.6 cm) can be found in the three estuarine reaches. High number of individuals with variety of length ranges (9.3 cm – 19.6 cm) was observed in the middle estuary with polyhaline condition (6 – 31 ppt) with higher number of individuals was observed during wet season. The length-weight relationship and growth pattern is W = 0.0117 L2.9989 (isometric) for all individuals, W = 0.0157 L2.8787 (negative allometric) for males and W = 0.0109 L3.0284 (isometric) for females. The female b value was higher than the male. There was no significant different detected for b values between wet and dry season. The mean relative condition factor of L. subviridis was 1.01 ± 0.13. There was no significant different detected for Kn between wet and dry season and between male and female. From one way ANOVA test for in-situ parameters (i.e. TSS, turbidity, TDS, conductivity and salinity) were lowest while nutrient (i. e. orthophosphate) were highest in the upper estuary compared to the other three stations. T-test showed that only ammonia, pH and TSS were significantly different (p < 0.05) between wet and dry seasons. Result from Principal component analysis (PCA) have classified the middle and upper estuary as having higher concentration of nutrients, organic matter and sand particle while the coastal and lower as having higher salinity, conductivity, TDS and percentage of silt and clay. Multiple regression analysis showed that number of individuals of L. subviridis was positively correlated with nutrient concentration, organic matter and sand particle composition and negatively correlated with salinity, TDS, conductivity and percentage of silt and clay. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/3253 | |
| dc.subject | The mullet (Liza subviridis) and | en_US |
| dc.subject | environmental parameters (i.e. pH, salinity, conductivity, | en_US |
| dc.title | Distribution Of Greenback Mullet Liza Subviridis (Valenciennes, 1836) In Relation To Environmental Parameters Of Pinang River Estuary, Balik Pulau, Penang | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
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