The Efficacy Of Herbal Plants Extract Against Infection Of Aeromonas Hydrophila, Staphylococcus Xylosus And Streptococcus Agalactiae In Snakehead (Channa Striata) Fish
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Date
2014-02
Authors
Akbar Ali, Azirah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Preliminary screening was done for 13 plants species belonging to member of nine
families such as Senna spectabilis, Jacaranda filicifolia, Samanae saman,
Tamarindus indica, Carica papaya, Andira inermis, Morinda elliptica, Coleus
aromaticus benth, Citrus hystrix, Milletia pinnata, Cymbopogon nardus,
Cymbopogon citratus and Polyalthia longifolia were screened to find an antibacterial
activity against three common fish pathogens namely Aeromonas hydrophila,
Staphylococcus xylosus and Streptococcus agalactiae. Minimum Inhibitory
Concentration (MIC) showed, S. xylosus was inhibited by S. saman with lowest
concentration at 0.625 mg/ml compared to T. indica and J. filicifolia; 2.5 mg/ml
respectively. Tamarindus indica and J. filicifolia showed activity against all
pathogens tested. Toxicity test of brine shrimp was conducted on three selected
plants extract by using Artemia salina nauplii as a test sample and from the results,
T. indica and J. filicifolia were highly toxic; and S. saman shows lower toxicity (>1.0
mg/ml); with LC50 value of 2.22 mg/ml. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) were
used to observe on two pathogens; S. xylosus and S. agalactiae treated with S. saman
leaf extracts and showed structural damage in the treated cells. In addition,
phytochemical analysis was conducted to investigate the chemical constitution in S.
saman leaf extract; and found presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannins and
polyphenolic compounds.
Description
Keywords
Herbal Plants , Snakehead (Channa Striata) Fish