A Comparison Of Pharmacological Treatment, Knowledge And Life Style Modification Among Diabetic Patients With Microalbuminuria In Four Hospitals In India And Malaysia
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Date
2010-12
Authors
Baig, Mirza Rafiullah
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major microvascular complications in diabetic patients.
Epidemiologist predicts that the world population of diabetic individuals will swell up to
an astounding 300 million by the year 2025 and almost half of that will be in the Asian
region alone. Malaysia and India are ranked top in the list for the high prevalence of
diabetes with India being termed as the “diabetes capital of the world”. Interventions have
been extensively studied in different areas of diabetic complications, but still results
remained unclear. Therefore a collective and comparative study is designed to resolute the
pharmacological treatment, knowledge and life style among diabetic patients with
microalbuminuria by early detection of the complication status to prevent or delay the
progression of diabetic nephropathy.
A prospective, cross sectional descriptive and a cohort study was conducted by using
convenience sampling technique in four hospitals in India and Malaysia. To collect the
information, a standard data collection form was developed and was divided into two
parts. The first part was to gather information on socio-demographic as well as treatment
module and diagnosis from the patient medical records. The second part involved
questionnaires which collected the information about the patient knowledge and life style
modification by interviewing the patients. Results were analyzed statistically using
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 15.
A total of 3358 diabetic patients were approached for the study out of which 1025 patients
were diagnosed with microalbuminuria, therefore were taken into consideration for the
complete study in India and Malaysia. The mean age of the diabetic patients with
nephropathy in government, private hospital in India and Malaysia, was found to be
46.32±9.36 years, 44.34±8.01 years and 57.26±11.38 years, 55.45±10.31 years
respectively. The progression of nephropathy in Indian patients was found to be in early
ages compared to Malaysian patients. The risk factors of diabetic neprhopathy patients
found in all the four hospitals were age, gender, family history, poverty, diet, BMI,
smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, medicine compliance, and race (p<0.05). The effect of
race was found in the Malaysian study, which shows that within the three different races
(Malay, Chinese, and Indian) Malays are more prone to microvascular complications
followed by Chinese and least found to be in Indians (p=0.048). Sulphonylureas and ACE
inhibitors were used most widely for the treatment of diabetes and nephropathy
respectively in both the countries.
Description
Keywords
Diabetic nephropathy is one of the major microvascular , complications in diabetic patients