Nephroprotective Effect Of Clinacanhus Nutans, Orthosiphon Stamineus, And Syzyguim Camponulatum Leaves Against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxcity; And Safety Asseement Of Clinacathus Nutans Leaves
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Date
2017-01
Authors
Farsi, Elham
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Cisplatin is an effective chemotherapeutic agent for solid tumors. However, it also induces dose-dependent progressive and irreversible nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin has multiple intracellular effects, which includes causing direct cytotoxicity with reactive oxygen species, activating apoptosis, and stimulating inflammation, events of which cause vascular and tubular dysfunction. Animal models have demonstrated that cisplatin-induced renal toxicity is characterized by a rapid loss of glomerular filtration, polyuria, hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, and azotemia. Recently, much attention has been given to the possible role of herbal medicine in protecting against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity. Many herbal products are rich in phytochemicals with antiapoptotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. These factors may be useful in protecting kidneys from cisplatin-induced damage and, combined with their proangiogenic properties, help expedite the healing process. Clinacanthus nutans, Orthosiphon stamineus, and Syzygium campanulatum are antioxidant-rich tropical herbs that have been traditionally used to treat kidney diseases. This study investigates the protective effects of the aqueous extract of Clinacanthus nutans leaves (AECNL), the hydroethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus leaves (HEOSL), and the extract of Syzygium campanulatum leaves (HESCL) on in vitro and in vivo toxicity models. Their protective activities on renal tubular cell (NRK52-E) were evaluated in terms of cellular viability (MTT assay) and apoptosis (Hoechst and Rhodamine 123 staining), with AECNL, HEOSL, and HESCL alone or in combination, with cisplatin. Their ameliorating potential was evaluated via oral gavage on the animals with AECNL, HEOSL, and HESCL at doses of 100, 200 or 400 mg/kg for 90 days, while receiving weekly doses of cisplatin (1 mg/kg).
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Keywords
Nephroprotective effect of clinacanhus nutans , against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxcity