Adjustable multiband fractal patch antenna
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Date
2013-06-01
Authors
Chua Pei Yin
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Abstract
This project presents the design of a type of fractal antenna, which is Sierpinski gasket patch. The design of this fractal antenna is done by using CST Microwave Studio. In order to get the multiple bands of resonant frequencies (multiband) behavior, three iterations of Sierpinski gasket patch have been designed. The performance of the antenna is investigated through the resonant frequencies and return loss according to the number of iterations. When the iteration of Sierpinski gasket patch antenna has increased, it did not radiate effectively due to uneven current distribution. Modification is done by introducing coupling patches at higher iterations to provide low resistance conducting path for the current that attempts to penetrate into the upper part of the structure. Improvement on the result is shown through the S11 parameter graph. Fabrication has been carried out using FR4 substrate with thickness, dielectric constant and loss tangent of 1.6mm, 4.5 and 0.025 respectively. The hardware prototype of the 3rd iteration shows a multiband behavior that resonates at 3.700 GHz, 7.435 GHz, 7.930 GHz, and 8.650 GHz with the return losses of -11.53 dB, -18.80 dB. -26.03 dB and -40.21 dB respectively. The percentage difference between the simulated and measured resonant frequency is less than 3% showing that both of the results are theoretically and practically matched.