A study of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARy) gene variant in relation to physical activity and fat intake among primary school Malay children in Kota Bharu, Kelantan
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Date
2013-06
Authors
Rahman, Aiman Nadia Akmar
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
The missense mutation of Proline to Alanine at codon 12 (Pro12Ala) of Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ) is one of the most critical genetic factors predisposing to positive energy balance that may lead to development of obesity. Hence, the objectives of this study are to determine the association between Pro12Ala variant in the PPARγ gene and body mass indexs (BMI) status of Malay children, to determine the differences of physical activity between subjects with and without Pro12Ala variant in the PPARγ gene and to determine the differences of fat intake between subjects with and without Pro12Ala variant in the PPARγ gene. One hundred and nineteen subjects (119) ages 9-11 years old from primary school in Kota Bharu, Kelantan were involved in this study. Anthropometric measurements: weight, height, percentage body fat, waist hip ratio and BMI were conducted. In order to determine the physical activity, activity counts of the subjects were recorded every 10 sec for 5 days (3 days of weekdays and 2 days of weekends) using accelerometer (Actigraph GT3X+). As for fat intake, a food diary was distributed to the subjects and subjects filled the diary for 2 days of weekdays and 2 days of weekends. Whereas, for genotyping, a 2ml of blood sample was collected from each subject through venipuncture. Genomic DNA was extracted from leucocyte of the blood. Afterward, High Resolution Melting (HRM) analysis was performed to identify the genetic variation of Pro12Ala in the PPARγ gene. From 119 subjects, 39.5%
(n=47) were overweight, while normal weight subject was 60.5% (n=72). A statistical test of Pearson Chi square was performed, result showed that there was a significant association (P= 0.03) between Pro12Ala variant in the PPARγ gene in normal weight and overweight group, with allelic frequency among overweight children wildtype (CC) and heterozygous (CG) were 0.83 and 0.17 respectively and in normal weight group the allelic frequency of Pro12 and Ala12 were 0.92 and 0.08 respectively. However, there was no significant difference in activity counts between subject with and without Pro12Ala variant. Thus, it is also reported that, there was no significant difference in fat intake of mutational and non mutational group of Pro12Ala variant. As a conclusion, there was an association between Pro12Ala PPARγ and BMI group of the subjects. However, there were no significant differences in physical activity and fat intake between the subject of mutation and non mutational group.
Description
Keywords
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor Gamma (PPARγ)