Kepadanan Kata Kerja Dalam Penterjemahan : Satu Kajian Kes Teks The Great Gatsby Dan Semantic Theory
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Date
2002-05
Authors
A.S. Pillay, Indrani
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Abstract
This thesis analyses the equivalence of verbs from English into bahasa Malaysia.
The aim of this study is to identify guidelines and strategies which can be used
when translating verbs from English into bahasa Malaysia. The data for this thesis
are collected from a novel, The Great Gatsby (Fitzgerald, F. S., 1994 · ) and an
academic book, Semantic Theory (Kempson,;R. M., 1977). The analysis is based on
a number of ideas of Larson (1974), Newmark (1988), Nioa (1964), Catford (1969),
Baker (1992), Sapir-WhorfHypothesis (1980), the theory of Context of Situation by
Firth dan Malinowski ( 1989), Katz dan Fodor (1963) on Componential Analysis
and classification of verbs by Dixon (1991 ).
In this thesis verb equivalence looks at meaning from two approaches - the
approach of dictionary meaning and contextual meaning. Equivalents that did hot
confer to their dictionary meanings are observed and analysed in terms of the
context of the sentence, suitability of the equivalents with respect to Malay culture
and their accuracy in meaning. Verbs that experience changes in meaning during the translation process are also observed. Problems related to finding equivalents
are discussed and approaches taken by the translator are given.
This study confirms that generally bahasa Malaysia equivalence for English verbs
can be found. Only in a number of cases do problems arise. In determining
suitability of verb equivalence, accuracy of meaning within the context of the source
sentence is given priority. Other factors that are taken into consideration are
collocation, .familiarity of usage within the target language, smoothness of the
target sentence .and suitability with the emic of the target language. In short, no
fixed method can be employed to translate verbs because all these factors have to be
considered in combination. It is clear that the translator has to take into account all
tl1e factors mentioned and in the end it depends on his intuitiort and language
competence of the translator to determine the best equivalent for a given situation.
Register also influences tha choice of equivalents. The register of a novel is more
flexible and uses fewer dictionary meanings as equivalents. The academic register
on the other hand, is more likely to use dictionary meanings as equivalents. In
addition, translating a novel is more challenging on the competence of the translator,
more so when a verb is used in a figurative phrase. It is observed that the translator
has been sensitive to the meaning changes of certain verbs in different contextual
situations. He has been cautious in such a situation to avoid misinterpretation of the
meaning of the source text as this will affect the target sentence as well. On the
other hand, translating a text using the acaden1ic register requires the translator to be
fami.liar with the required field. In addition, over-translation and under-translation cannot be avoided when the translator attempts to find equivalents that are both
·natural to the emic of the target language as well as accurate in meaning because
both English and Malay are two different language systems altogether.
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Keywords
Language and Literature , Grammar