Knowledge Of Blood Transfusion Among Nurses In Hospital Pulau Pinang: Nursing Responsibilities And Patient Management Related To Transfusion Reactions
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Date
2016-06
Authors
Lim, Elaine Siew Lee
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Blood is precious and unique products, derived from human being. It is essential in saving lives and improve human health. Results from Serious Hazards of Transfusion (SHOT) reported that approximately one wrong blood transfusion occur in every 13, 000 transfusions. Most errors of wrong blood transfusion occurred at clinical area. Failure to perform positive patient identification, either during pre-transfusion sampling or final bedside checking, remains as the leading cause of major transfusion related morbidity and mortality. Hence, this study aims to determine the knowledge level of one of the major role in blood transfusion service, the nurses and associate this knowledge with their socio-professional details.
To assess the knowledge, a cross sectional, questionnaire based study was carried out. The research tool was designed, validated and pilot-tested to ensure its validity and reliability. The finalised questionnaire consisting of 22 knowledge items related to blood transfusion process and 8 socio-professional items was then distributed to the 185 nurses at Hospital Pulau Pinang who participated in this study. Data analysis was done with SPSS.
The overall knowledge score was moderate, with the mean score of 70.44% (SD = 11.35). None of the nurses was able to answer all the items right. The
knowledge in blood bag collection and patient preparation, pre-transfusion nursing activities, during and post transfusion nursing responsibilities and management of transfusion reactions were 72.29%, 71.75% and 67.14%, respectively. Factors such as age, years of service, departments and availability of policy at wards had significant difference in the mean knowledge scores. Knowledge deficits were identified in basic blood group terminologies, validity duration of GXM sample, skipping of blood checking steps, bacterial contamination following prolonged transfusion and commonest cause of fatal transfusion reactions.
As conclusion, the knowledge of nurses in Hospital Pulau Pinang was moderate. More seminar or blood transfusion talk should be organized to improve their knowledge. Knowledge is the fundamental that drives our practice and to perform well, one must equip himself with sufficient knowledge.
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Keywords
Knowledge of blood transfusion , among nurses in hospital.