Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju - Tesis

Browse

Now showing 1 - 5 of 452

In Vitro Antibacterial Activity Of Acanthus Ilicifolius-silver Nanoparticles Against Selected Bacteria
(2018)
Mohamad, Noor Muzamil
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has gained attention due to their wide application in various area such as medical, food industry and material sciences. Among medical uses of this nanoparticles is as antimicrobial agent against pathogenic bacteria. AgNPs produced by green biosynthesis approach using plant extracts as reducing agent is less harmful and economical in comparison with physical and chemical methods. In this study, plant material was collected and identified as Acanthus ilicifolius Wallich, N and was being used to prepare the plant aqueous extract which later being used to synthesis AgNPs. Ratio of 1: I 0 mixtures of I 00 mg/mL of aqueous extract and 5 mM of si lver nitrate was incubated for 24 hours at 40 °C with 150 rpm in incubator shaker.The formation of silver nanoparticles was monitored by colour changes and was characterised by UV-Vis spectrometry fo llowed by zeta (potential) sizer analyses. The UV-Vis spectrum of AgNPs showed maximal absorption at 440 while zeta (potential) sizer analyses revealed the average size of synthesized AgNPs was 94 nm with zeta potential value of -4.08 mV which the AgNPs quite unstable. Antibacterial activities of synthesised A. ilicifolius-AgNPs by well diffusion method on S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa showed an inhibition zone (in millimeter, mm) of 16, 15, 14 and 20 respectively. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of this si lver nanoparticles accessed by MTT assay was lower than 0.0781 25 mM on all tested bacteria. Therefore, it is concluded that A. ilicifolius aqueous extract has potential in producing AgNPs by green synthesis approach and may be used as antibacteria l agent against parti cularly on S. aureus, B. cereus, E. coli and P. aeruginosa
Effect Of Salivary pH On Coating Durability Of Two Different Aesthetic Archwires Coatings
(2018)
Abdulkader, Youssef Chikh
Coated orthodontic archwires have demonstrated partial or full coating loss as early as 21 days of intraoral use. It is suggested that an interaction between the coated archwires and the oral factors such as salivary pH has caused this phenomenon to occur. This study evaluated the effect of pH on the durability of two different aesthetic archwire coatings and observed the surface topography of the coatings. Nickel titanium (NiTi) archwires of 0.0 18" in diameter, readi ly coated with epoxy resin and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) were sectioned into 20 mm segments. All specimens (N = I 02) were divided into six groups; four groups treated with two different pH and two control groups. The pH of artific ial saliva was adjusted to 6.75 and 3.5 using sodium hydrox ide (NaOH) and lactic acid, respectively. Each specimen was immersed in individual test tubes containing 10 ml of modified solution which were sealed and stored in a 37°C water bath for 28 days.After the time elapsed, the specimens were removed and subjected to mechanical stress using an electronic toothbrush for 2 10 seconds. Images were photographed us ing digital single lens reflex (DSLR) camera and coating loss measurement was done using Autodesk® AutoCAD® software. Surface topography of the specimens from each group was evaluated using scann ing electron microscope (SEM). Statistical analysis showed significant (p < 0.001) coating loss was found in epoxy res in groups regardless of their pH value, than that of PTFE groups. SEM revealed rupture, roughness and loss of coating at mult iple locations on the coating s urface.
Knowledge And Attitude Towards Blood Donation Among Non Blood Donor Residents Of Kuala Terengganu At Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu
(2018)
Mat Noh, Sarah
Background: Increment in blood utilisation and reduction in blood collection leading to blood supply shortage has been a worldwide problem including Malaysia. It was noted that Terengganu recorded the lowest blood donation rate among all states in Malaysia from 2011 until 2015, and still lagging far behind other states in Malaysia in terms of blood donation rate. Objectives: To determine knowledge and attitude score towards blood donation and their associated factors among non-blood donor residents of Kuala Terengganu at Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah (HSNZ). Study design and method: This is a cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire involving systematically random sampling selection of 320 participants who are non-blood donor residents of Kuala Terengganu attending HSNZ. The questionnaire consists of 8 questions in knowledge section (total score of 8 marks) and 20 questions in attitude section (total score of 100 marks). Results: The mean knowledge score in this study was 5.19 (1.87) while the mean attitude score was 70. 79 (8.19). Majority of the participants have good knowledge and good attitude with percentages of 64.69% and 92.81 %, respectively. Female has a significantly lower level of knowledge as compared to male (p=0.02), while participants with college/university education have significantly higher knowledge than participants with low education level (p=0.037). Participants working in private sectors and selfemployed were found to have a significantly higher level of good knowledge compared to government employees (p=0.004 and p=0.013). As for the attitude section, participants with secondary school education has significantly higher attitude compared to those with low education level (p=O.O 12). Unemployed participants were found to have significantly lower attitude compared to government employees (p=0.017). No significant association was found between the knowledge and attitude level. The mostly reported barriers to blood donation were refused to give blood to other religion and race with 73.1 % and 67.8%, respectively. This study reported social media as the main source of information regarding blood donation ( 42.2% ). Conclusion: In general, the majority of the participants have good knowledge and attitude towards blood donation but there was no association found between knowledge and attitude. Even so, the practice of blood donation is still poor in this population with most of the participants refused to give their blood to other religion and race. Thus, Blood Transfusion Service should focus on encouraging non-donors to donate by involving the religious departments to help to correct the myths pertaining to blood donation, giving out pamphlets to non-donors during a mobile campaign or establishing young donors club focusing to students.
Analysis Of The Effects Of Microrna 130a Suprression On A549 Cell LINE
(2018)
Mohamad Safiai, Nabil Izzaatie
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) control the biological processes of cells and are crucial 111 regulati on of proliferatio n, differenti ation and apoptosis. MiRNAs are also critical 111 regulation of various types of cancer and diseases such as in chronic lymphocytic leukemia, B cell lymphoma, lung cancer and viral infections. In recent years, a lot of evidence arises demo nstrating that miRNA-130a, from the family of regulatory nonprotein coding miRNAs play important role in development and metastasis of lung cancer. However, there is still scarce knowledge about the effect of miR-l 30a suppress ion targeting at different miR- 130a gene regio ns in lung cancer cells. In this study, suppression of miR-l 30a at 3p, 5p and stem loop region was establi shed in the A549 human lung carcinoma cell line. Pro liferation and migration assays were performed to study the role of miR-l 30a in the growth and metastat ic ability of A549 cell line.Our result demonstrated that miR-1 30a-3p suppression significantly increased the growth of A549 cell line. Consistently, among different sites of miR-l 30a downregulation, only suppression at 3p showed significant increase in cell attachment and detachment assay and scratch wound healing assay. As a conclusion, our findings suggest that miR-1 30a- 3p may plays critical ro le in the development and metastasis of lung cancer. Hence, miRI 30a-3p might be a better target with huge potential for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and may serve as an important fu ndamental reference for future research espec ially for the treatment of lung cancer.
Effects Of Clinacanthus Nutans On Drug Resistant Cancer Cell Proliferation And Migration
(2018)
MD Arzali, Sitti Fatimah Az Zahra
Clinacanthus nutans is a renowned therapeutic plant in Asian countries. Recently is has gained research interest in the applications for treatment and prevention of cancer diseases. Therefore, the aim of this research will focus on effects of Clinacanthus Nutans extracts towards drug resistant HER2 overexpression (UACC 732) cancer cell proliferation and migration. Method: Clinathanus nu/ans leaves was purchased in powder form and extraction was done using aqueous and ethanol solvents. Effects of these extracts on drug resistant cancer proliferation assay was determined using MTT assay kit. Next, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (ICso) for both extracts were studied on drug resistant cancer cell migration. Result: Cytotoxic effects of ethanol Clinacanthus nutans extract on parent and resistant UACC 732 cells viability at various concentrations,respectively showed the ICso value for 24 hours treatment were 923.98 μg/mL and 837.98 μg/mL. Meanwhile, no cytotoxic effects shown in aqueous Clinacanthus nutans extract on parent and resistant UACC 732 cell s. The ce ll migration of Clinacanthus nutans extracts indicated an increase in cell migration until the closure of the wound area when treated with 100 mg/mL. Discussion: Extraction method produced almost equal yields with aqueous and ethanol extracts. Cytotoxic effects of both extracts on parent and resistant UACC 732 cells showed sign ificant difference. It was noted that ethanol extracts caused inhibition of parent and resistant UACC732 cells compared to aquoeus extract.Further investigation using wound healing assay showed that both extracts inhibited cell migration at 24 hours. Similar effects were not observed in parent and resistant UACC 732 cells. This indicated that compounds present in aqueous and ethanol extracts were able to inhibit cell migrati on. Conclus ion: This study shows that Clinacanthus nutans extracts exhibits antiproliferative and anti-migration activity. However, further investigat ion need to be done to confirm these findings.

Browse

Recent Submissions