Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju - Tesis
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- PublicationClinicopathological Analysis And Mrna Expression Profiling Of G1/S Phase Cyclins And Cdk4 In Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Colorectal Cancer Tissue(2024-06)Gururuloo, Sarminiyy LengaIntroduction: colorectal cancer (crc) is the second most common cancer for both males and females in malaysia. Crc has become a serious health issue as it is mostly diagnosed in the later stage of cancer as well as due to the limitations in current treatment available in the medical industry. Many scientists have proven that crc is caused by the accumulation of certain altered genes over the years and evidence from the literature review reported that cell cycle regulator genes are one of them. However, inadequate research had been carried out on mrna expression studies, especially among the malaysian population. Objectives/hypothesis: the hypothesis for this study is that the mrna expression of cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 are significantly upregulated in crc tissues in malaysian subjects. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the clinicopathological feature and to evaluate the mrna expression of cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 of the crc tissues in malaysian subjects, and to understand the correlation between cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 expressions and their compensatory mechanisms. Methodology: this preliminary study recruited 50 subjects and only 47 of them were histopathologically confirmed sporadic crc patients.
- PublicationDevelopment And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass Based Polymer Composite Film For Potential Application In Wound Healing(2024-06)Sujon, Mamun KhanTissue engineering is a thriving research area of interest, focuses on the repair, regeneration, and replacement of damaged tissues and organs. This study introduces a novel resorbable advanced wound dressing designed to expedite wound healing and reduce clinical waste, hospitalisation durations, and financial burdens. Bioactive glasses (bgs), traditionally associated with mineralised tissue regeneration, have shown enormous promise in soft tissue repair, particularly in wound healing through the controlled release of therapeutic ions. The incorporation of natural polymer chitosan (cs) and synthetic polymer poly-ε-caprolactone (pcl) into the composite enhances biocompatibility, anti-bacterial activity, surface morphology, and mechanical strength. Different bg compositions (45s5 and 50s8p) were synthesised using sol-gel method and incorporated with cs and pcl to fabricate bg/polymer composite films via a cost-effective solvent-casting technique. A comprehensive analysis was conducted for structural, chemical, morphological, and mechanical characterisation of the composite film. In-vitro bioactivity assays in simulated body fluid assessed the composite film’s potential to induce hydroxycarbonate apatite (ha) formation. Biological impact was evaluated using alamar blue assay and scratch migration assays with human primary dermal fibroblast cells. Anti-bacterial efficacy against staphylococcus aureus (s. Aureus) was examined using agar disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assays.
- PublicationThe Prevalence, Morphological Variations, Familial Traits And Complications Of Tori In Northern Region Of Malaysia(2024-05)Li, ZhenTori are common non-pathological exogenous tissue in oral cavity, which occasionally produce complications,especiallyaffectingthe constructionand wearing of denture. Tori can be divided into torus palatinus (tp) on the maxilla and torus mandibularis(tm) on the mandible. Its existenceis determinedby bothgenetic and environmental factors.Theobjectives ofthisstudyweretodeterminethedifferences in theprevalenceandmorphologicalvariationsoftoriamongthethreemajorracesand sexes in malaysia. In addition,toexplore the probability of familial traits and complicationsfacedbypatients who havetori. In this study, 779study models were randomlyselected fromthe dental clinicat advancedmedicaland dental institute, usm. The study was divided into two parts: study models examination and questionnaire survey.The prevalenceand morphologicalvariations(size,shape,and location)of torion study modelswere examined,andinformationon familial traits andcomplicationsof havingtoriwasdetermined fromthequestionnairesurvey.The findings showed that prevalenceoftoriwas64.3%, wheretpwas 58.5%andtm was 18.6%. Tp was found more infemales (61.8%) thanmales(50.9%)whiletm was foundmore inmales(26.9%)than females(15%), all were statistically significantly different(ptp-sexes= 0.004, ptm-sexes< 0.001). Thehighestprevalencefor tpwas in malays(60.6%)whiletm was in indians(27.3%),onlytphasstatistical difference among races (ptp-races= 0.001, ptm-races= 0.534).
- PublicationThe Role Of Vacuole Membrane Protein-1 In Neural Calcium Homeostasis And Synaptic Plasticity(2024-08)Wang, MengmengDisruption of the intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics is previously known to affect synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. To date, the effects of vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) on neuronal intracellular calcium homeostasis, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine the effects of VMP1 on neuronal calcium regulation in vitro and in vivo, and its relationship with synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in vivo. VMP1 expression was knocked down in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and the effects on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and calcium channels were assessed using western blot. The in vivo gain-and-loss function of hippocampal VMP1 was achieved in C57/BL6 mice using the adeno-associated virus. The effects of VMP1 overexpression and downregulation on calcium channels, animal cognitive functions, long-term potentiation (LTP), neuron dendritic spine density, and synaptic-related proteins were evaluated. In vitro study showed that VMP1 knockdown reduced SOCE (p<0.0001), transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC1), and calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1) in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (n=4, P<0.01). Hippocampal VMP1 knockdown in mice led to decreased TRPC1 expression (n=4, P<0.01).
- PublicationEvaluation Of Pre-Storage Leucoreduction Effect On Pro And Anti-Tumour Cytokines In Whole Blood During Storage(2024-08)Saman, SrlyThe presence of white blood cells (WBCs) and cytokines in whole blood (WB) during storage may have effect on cancer patients requiring blood transfusions. This study aims to determine the residual of WBCs in WB following leucoreduction and changes in cytokine levels which occur during storage of WB. A total of 31 donors were recruited in this study. Three hundred fifty millilitre of whole blood (WB) was withdrawn from each donor. Half of the blood volume (175 mL) were leucoreduced (LR), while the other half (175 mL) were not leucoreduced and used as a control. Full blood count (FBC) was done using Sysmex KX-21, Japan and residual WBCs subsets were measured using FACSCanto™ II Beckton Dickinson, USA. Cytokines levels from plasma non LR and LR bags on day 0, 10, 20, and 30 days was measured by ELISA method. T-helper (Th) lymphocyte subgroups and gene expression were analysed in the non-LR samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction, respectively. There was a significant difference in the mean of all FBC parameters and residual WBCs subsets between these two groups (p < 0.05). Levels of IL-2 and IL-6 were not detected in both bags during storage. There was a significant difference in TGF-β and IFN-γ between non-LR and LR on day 0 to day 10. TGF-β level showed an increase up to day 30. T-bet, GATA-3, and Foxp3 gene expression were detected in non-LR samples. Leucoreduction demonstrated a significant effect on blood parameters, cytokine levels, and gene expression, emphasizing its importance in WB storage.