Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju - Tesis
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- PublicationCarcinogenic Analysis Of Heterocyclic Amines 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo[4,5-B]Pyridine (Phip) And 2-Amino-3,8-Dimethylimidazo[4,5-F]Quinoxaline (Meiqx) Using Bhas 42 Cell Line(2025-09)Silvaragi, Thayvee Geetha BharathiHeterocyclic amines (HCAs) are common food carcinogens that are produced in cooked foods rich in protein at a high temperature. The present study investigates the carcinogenic effects of physiologically relevant concentrations of the two most commonly occurring HCAs, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo-[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) and 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx), on Bhas 42 cells, a clone established from BALB/c3T3 A31-1-1 mouse fibroblast cells, a cell line strongly recommended by OECD for cancer studies due to its greater sensitivity towards oncogenic stimuli.
- PublicationCharacterization And Immunogenetic Profiling Of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection In A Study Cohort From Northern Malaysia(2025-08)Okpoluaefe Godspower Udezi, Suruthimitra OkpoluaefeHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a prevalent β-herpesvirus that typically does not harm healthy individuals, but can lead to severe health complications in immunocompromised populations. While HCMV-driven NKG2C+ NK natural killer (NK) cells expansion is a well-established component of the immune response towards HCMV infection, little is known about the genetic variations that influence this process in Southeast Asian populations, particularly in Malaysia. This gap limits our understanding of population-specific immunogenetics that influence susceptibility of HCMV infection in Malaysia, especially considering emerging evidence that HCMV may have beneficial effects in certain clinical contexts, such as in patients with leukemia. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the immunogenetic profiles related to HCMV infection in a healthy cohort from Northern Malaysia, focusing on the NKG2C (KLRC2) and NKG2A (KLRC1) receptors on NK cells, as well as HLA-E on infected cells.
- PublicationElucidating The Role Of M2 Tumor-Associated Macrophages And Its Relation To Microrna In Human Invasive Breast Carcinoma(2025-09)Jayasingam, Sharmilla DeviTumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are macrophages within the tumor microenvironment that play an important role in cancer initiation and progression. In breast cancer, TAMs mainly demonstrate the M2 phenotype, which is associated with anti-inflammatory and tumor-promoting characteristics. This study has shed some light into the relationship between TAMs and miRNAs besides illustrating the association between breast cancer clinicopathological parameters and M2 TAMs. Our results suggest a coalition between M2 TAMs and miR-21 in aiding breast cancer progression by promoting lymph node metastases. In conclusion, this study has provided a platform for effective targeted treatment for breast cancer patients, worthy of prospective studies.
- PublicationMolecular And Cellular Analysis Of Hepg2 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Upon Deubiquitin Enzymes Otub1 And Otub2 Knockdown(2025-08)Mohd Sani, Sa’udah BadriahHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide. The deubiquitinating enzymes Otubain-1 (OTUB1) and Otubain-2 (OTUB2) have been linked to cancer progression, making them potential therapeutic targets. This study investigates the effects of OTUB1 and OTUB2 knockdown on cell viability, migration, and gene expression pathways in HepG2 cells, aiming to explore their roles in liver cancer.
- PublicationFactors That Motivate And Hinder Temporarily Deffered First Time Blood Donors(2017-06)Darumalinggam, Thane MozeBackground: Blood donation in Malaysia is practised as voluntary non-remunerated. However recruiting and retaining blood donors remains as challenge in transfusion service. Along with that, the deferral rate has also increased. The aim of this study is to understand the motivating and hindering factors, then modifiable deferral rate can be improved especially among those first time donors. Methods: Four hundred and eighty first time temporary deferred whole blood donors from National Blood Centre (NBC), Kuala Lumpur, participated in this study from January 2014 till December 2014. Donors were randomly extracted from Blood Bank Information System by computer software. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the donors were categorized into 2 main groups of which one group of donor who return for blood donation and the other who did not return for donation after first time deferral. Each blood donor was contacted via telephone and questionnaire asked personally. Questionnaires were developed based on NBC donor criteria guideline and pilot study conducted for validation. Results: From 2010 - 2014, a total of 480 donors were included in this study. As 240 donors who returned and 240 donors who did not return for donation following first time temporary deferral. Donors who return were significantly younger than donor who did not return (29.5 years versus 35 years, p < 0.001). Socio- demography also significantly differs between return and did not return. Females had higher proportion (61.3%) for returned compared to males (38.8%). Singles (68.3%) were more likely to return for donation compared to married donors (31.7%). Relating to occupation; comparing return versus did not return donors professionals (38.8% versus 33.3%), student (26.4% versus 20.4%), general worker (2 1.9% versus 21.7%), uniform body (6.4% versus 9.6%) and housewife/unemployed (6.3% versus 15.0%). Donors who lived in urban areas were more likely to return for donation compared to donors who lived in rural areas (34.6%). Among factors that motivate donors to return for donation are self-satisfaction (25.8%), social contribution (24.6%), peer influence (16.7%), altruism (13.3%), family encouragement (13.3%) and others (6.3%). Factors that hinder donor from return for donation were no time (34.2%), loss of interest (20.8%), scared to be deferred (17.9%), don't know donation site (14.2%), no incentive (7.9%) and others (5.0%). Conclusion: In this study, clearly showed that younger generation, single and professionals from urban areas contributed to higher rate of return donor. Thus focusing on this category of donors to become regular donors will enable us to enhance and improve transfusion service in Malaysia.