Institut Perubatan & Pergigian Termaju - Tesis

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Association Between Eight Weeks Of Isometric Handgrip Training And Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Insertion/deletion Gene Polymorphism In Hypertensive Individuals.
(2024-08)
Yusof, Wan Mohammad Nazrin Wan
A prevalent global health concern is hypertension, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide. Physical exercise plays a crucial role in the lifestyle management of individuals with high blood pressure. This investigation seeks to link ACE I/D gene polymorphism with the effects of eight weeks isometric handgrip (IHG) training and detraining regimen on cardiovascular and muscular function in unmedicated hypertensive population in Malaysia. To assess the cardiovascular and muscular impacts of an eight-week IHG and detraining program across different ACE I/D genotype groups, this study involved fifty-eight unmedicated individuals with hypertension. They were randomly assigned to two groups, namely the training and control groups. The training group comprised 29 participants (mean age: 40.45 ± 9.22), consisting of 22 males and seven females. Simultaneously, the control group included 29 participants (mean age: 37.41 ± 9.03), with 15 males and 14 females. Participants in the IHG group received IHG training three times per week for eight weeks, followed by another eight weeks of detraining in which they did not receive IHG training or any organized exercise. For eight weeks, those in the control group (CON) did not participate in any exercise regimen. Based on the findings of the present study, an eight-week IHG training program resulted in a reduction of the cardiovascular parameter, as indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP), while maintaining consistent levels of muscle variables.
Clinicopathological Analysis And Mrna Expression Profiling Of G1/S Phase Cyclins And Cdk4 In Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Colorectal Cancer Tissue
(2024-06)
Gururuloo, Sarminiyy Lenga
Introduction: colorectal cancer (crc) is the second most common cancer for both males and females in malaysia. Crc has become a serious health issue as it is mostly diagnosed in the later stage of cancer as well as due to the limitations in current treatment available in the medical industry. Many scientists have proven that crc is caused by the accumulation of certain altered genes over the years and evidence from the literature review reported that cell cycle regulator genes are one of them. However, inadequate research had been carried out on mrna expression studies, especially among the malaysian population. Objectives/hypothesis: the hypothesis for this study is that the mrna expression of cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 are significantly upregulated in crc tissues in malaysian subjects. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to determine the clinicopathological feature and to evaluate the mrna expression of cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 of the crc tissues in malaysian subjects, and to understand the correlation between cyclins d1, e1, a1, and cdk4 expressions and their compensatory mechanisms. Methodology: this preliminary study recruited 50 subjects and only 47 of them were histopathologically confirmed sporadic crc patients.
Development And Characterisation Of Bioactive Glass Based Polymer Composite Film For Potential Application In Wound Healing
(2024-06)
Sujon, Mamun Khan
Tissue engineering is a thriving research area of interest, focuses on the repair, regeneration, and replacement of damaged tissues and organs. This study introduces a novel resorbable advanced wound dressing designed to expedite wound healing and reduce clinical waste, hospitalisation durations, and financial burdens. Bioactive glasses (bgs), traditionally associated with mineralised tissue regeneration, have shown enormous promise in soft tissue repair, particularly in wound healing through the controlled release of therapeutic ions. The incorporation of natural polymer chitosan (cs) and synthetic polymer poly-ε-caprolactone (pcl) into the composite enhances biocompatibility, anti-bacterial activity, surface morphology, and mechanical strength. Different bg compositions (45s5 and 50s8p) were synthesised using sol-gel method and incorporated with cs and pcl to fabricate bg/polymer composite films via a cost-effective solvent-casting technique. A comprehensive analysis was conducted for structural, chemical, morphological, and mechanical characterisation of the composite film. In-vitro bioactivity assays in simulated body fluid assessed the composite film’s potential to induce hydroxycarbonate apatite (ha) formation. Biological impact was evaluated using alamar blue assay and scratch migration assays with human primary dermal fibroblast cells. Anti-bacterial efficacy against staphylococcus aureus (s. Aureus) was examined using agar disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration assays.
The Prevalence, Morphological Variations, Familial Traits And Complications Of Tori In Northern Region Of Malaysia
(2024-05)
Li, Zhen
Tori are common non-pathological exogenous tissue in oral cavity, which occasionally produce complications,especiallyaffectingthe constructionand wearing of denture. Tori can be divided into torus palatinus (tp) on the maxilla and torus mandibularis(tm) on the mandible. Its existenceis determinedby bothgenetic and environmental factors.Theobjectives ofthisstudyweretodeterminethedifferences in theprevalenceandmorphologicalvariationsoftoriamongthethreemajorracesand sexes in malaysia. In addition,toexplore the probability of familial traits and complicationsfacedbypatients who havetori. In this study, 779study models were randomlyselected fromthe dental clinicat advancedmedicaland dental institute, usm. The study was divided into two parts: study models examination and questionnaire survey.The prevalenceand morphologicalvariations(size,shape,and location)of torion study modelswere examined,andinformationon familial traits andcomplicationsof havingtoriwasdetermined fromthequestionnairesurvey.The findings showed that prevalenceoftoriwas64.3%, wheretpwas 58.5%andtm was 18.6%. Tp was found more infemales (61.8%) thanmales(50.9%)whiletm was foundmore inmales(26.9%)than females(15%), all were statistically significantly different(ptp-sexes= 0.004, ptm-sexes< 0.001). Thehighestprevalencefor tpwas in malays(60.6%)whiletm was in indians(27.3%),onlytphasstatistical difference among races (ptp-races= 0.001, ptm-races= 0.534).
The Role Of Vacuole Membrane Protein-1 In Neural Calcium Homeostasis And Synaptic Plasticity
(2024-08)
Wang, Mengmeng
Disruption of the intracellular calcium (Ca2+) dynamics is previously known to affect synaptic plasticity and cognitive function. To date, the effects of vacuole membrane protein 1 (VMP1) on neuronal intracellular calcium homeostasis, synaptic plasticity, and cognitive function remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine the effects of VMP1 on neuronal calcium regulation in vitro and in vivo, and its relationship with synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in vivo. VMP1 expression was knocked down in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and the effects on store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and calcium channels were assessed using western blot. The in vivo gain-and-loss function of hippocampal VMP1 was achieved in C57/BL6 mice using the adeno-associated virus. The effects of VMP1 overexpression and downregulation on calcium channels, animal cognitive functions, long-term potentiation (LTP), neuron dendritic spine density, and synaptic-related proteins were evaluated. In vitro study showed that VMP1 knockdown reduced SOCE (p<0.0001), transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC1), and calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1 (Orai1) in the SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells (n=4, P<0.01). Hippocampal VMP1 knockdown in mice led to decreased TRPC1 expression (n=4, P<0.01).

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