Rice husk ash silica as a support material for iron and ruthenium based heterogeneous catalyst

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dc.contributor.authorSaraswathy, Balakrishnan
dc.date.accessioned2014-11-18T02:05:19Z
dc.date.available2014-11-18T02:05:19Z
dc.date.issued2007
dc.descriptionMasteren_US
dc.description.abstractRice husk ash silica as a support material for iron (RHA-Fe) and ruthenium (RHA-Ru) based heterogeneous catalysts were prepared through the sol-gel technique using an aqueous solution of metal salt in 3.0 M HNO3. The XRD analysis showed that all samples prepared were in amorphous state. The BET values for the RHA-Fe and RHA-Fe 700 (after calcinations) were found to be 87.40 and 55.83 m2 g-1 respectively. The prepared RHA-Fe and RHA-Fe700 were found to be active as heterogeneous catalysts and showed high activity in the reaction between toluene and benzyl chloride. The mono substituted benzyltoluene was the major product and both catalysts yielded more than 92% of this isomer. The GC shows that both the ortho and para substituted mono isomers were present in about equal quantities. The ruthenium derivates, RHA-Ru 700 showed very unique properties compared to the RHA-Fe samples. The SEM micrographs of RHA-Ru 700 showed the formation of well-defined flat elongated nano-sized rods with a smooth outer surface among the amorphous powder. RHA-Ru had a specific surface area of ca. 65 m2 g-1, while RHA-Ru 700 had only ca. 10 m2 g-1. The decrease in specific surface area was consistent with the formation of the rod shaped crystalline phase. From the pore distribution graphs, there were two distinct pore size distributions for RHA-Ru. These were between 40 and 100 Å and between 150 to 400 Å respectively. All the catalysts prepared were shown to be mesoporous except for RHA-Ru 700 which shows some crystalline state after calcination.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/543
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectChemical scienceen_US
dc.subjectRice husk ash silicaen_US
dc.titleRice husk ash silica as a support material for iron and ruthenium based heterogeneous catalysten_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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