Microencapsulation Of Folic Acid Using Hydrolyzed Collagen By Conventional And Ultrasonic Spray Drying Method
Loading...
Date
2016-01
Authors
Hj Latip, Dayang Norlaila
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Recently, several studies have shown great trends to find good alternatives to
replace synthetic polymer wall material with natural polymer. However, none of the
study has utilized commercial fish scale hydrolyzed collagen, Cc, as a coating agent
Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze physicochemical properties and
functional properties of Cc, as a coating agent. Response surface methodology was
employed to optimize the experiment using the spray dryer method. Physicochemical
and functional properties analysis was done on the commercial fish scale hydrolyzed
collagen before drying (Cc) and after drying (Cs). Two factors have been optimized,
including inlet temperature and flow rate, the results showed 138 °C and 7 %
respectively. Amino acid analysis showed both samples have glycine as the amino
acid primary components followed by proline and hydroxyproline with 362.78±6.35,
109.32±4.80, 105.73±7.84 respectively for Cc. Meanwhile, Cs shows slightly low
value with glycine 348.68±2.44, proline 116.21±2.16, and hydroxyproline
101.72±0.83. FT-IR indicates some changes on the intensity and wavenumber of
amide A, amide B, amide I, II, III between both samples. Analysis on the surface
morphology by the SEM visualized Cs have much smaller and more shrinkage
particles compared to Cc. DSC analysis showed high thermal transition temperature
at 107.87 C° for Cc while Cs resulted at 101.04 C°. Furthermore, solubility analysis
and zeta potential analysis proved a parallel result with respect to pH where the
isoelectric point was at pH 4. No significant trends were observed in both
emulsifying activity, EA, and emulsifying stability, ES. EA value for Cc and Cs were
61.11% and 59.67% respectively, whilst ES were slowly decreased by the time for
both samples. The overall observation showed that commercial fish scale hydrolyzed
collagen has the potential to be used as wall material due to their ability to remain
stable even under extreme conditions such as extreme temperature and extreme pH
conditions. Microencapsulation is a useful tool to protect sensitive substances or
materials from the environment. There are many methods that have been published to
conduct the microencapsulation process. However the selection of suitable wall
materials also contributed to their successfulness. The objectives of this study were
to optimize the spray-drying process in terms of concentration, inlet temperatures
and the flow rate for encapsulation of folic acid and to investigate the potential of
commercial fish scale hydrolyzed collagen as a wall material to microencapsulate
folic acid by using conventional spray drying and ultrasonic spray drying techniques.
Conventional spray drying method (Esd) and ultrasonic spray drying method (Eus)
were utilized to produce microencapsulation of folic acid by commercial fish scale
hydrolyzed collagen. Morphological studies were done by using SEM
microphotography and CLSM analysis. Both showed tolerable results where Esd
visualized irregular shape compared to Esd which obtained smooth surface with a
spherical shape. CLSM images showed both techniques managed to produce a matrix
form of encapsulation. However, microencapsulation efficiency of Esd was much
lower compared to Eus, their microencapsulation efficiency were in 50% and 85%
respectively. In particle size distribution analysis, Esd has broader size distribution
with polydisperse pattern, meanwhile Eus has narrower size distribution with
monodisperse pattern. High velocities applied by conventional spray dryer affected
the morphology of the particle. FTIR analysis of Esd and Eus showed slight changes
in the intensity of the functional group and the fingerprints structure compared to
control. Thus, overall results showed encapsulation by ultrasonic spray dryer gave
better results compared to conventional spray dryer, it can be concluded that
commercial fish scale hydrolyzed collagen possesses high potential to be used as
encapsulation agents for folic acid.
Description
Keywords
Fish scale hydrolyzed collagen