Identification and factors that affecting the growth of the indigenous mushroom, boletus SP. in Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia
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Date
2014-09
Authors
Lau, Meng Fei
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Abstract
In Malaysia, collecting wild mushrooms for food and medicine is a well-known activity among the indigenous people (“Orang Asli”). This study was performed to identify an edible Boletus mushroom in Bachok, Kelantan based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of its fruiting bodies. Since morphological characteristics of the Boletus sp. overlapped with other Boletus, species identity was confirmed through sequencing of ITS + 5.8S regions, and the mushroom was identified as Boletus griseipurpureus. Although it is edible, toxicity test indicated that B. griseipurpureus had low toxicity level (LC50 = 4.33 mg/ml). From growth studies, the results suggested that cassava dextrose agar (CDA) and yeast malt extract (YME) were the most suitable artificial media for the mycelial growth of B. griseipurpureus at pH 6.0 and 300C. Analyses of soil, vegetation and weather conditions were conducted to determine the occurrence of B. griseipurpureus. The present results indicated that Melaleuca leucadendron (“pokok gelam”) in the peat swamp forest might be the host plant of B. griseipurpureus. The mushroom was fruiting seasonally from June to September after a long dry period preceding heavy rainfall. Soil analysis showed that the peat soils by which B. griseipurpureus was found to be acidic (pH 3.0-pH 4.1), having high carbon content and low nitrogen content with sufficient amounts of phosphorus, aluminium, calcium, ferrum, magnesium, potassium, sodium, manganese and zinc. Heavy metals, namely cadmium, copper, mercury, plumbum and nickel were also detected in the peat soils. Pest identification showed that male Megaselia scalaris infested the fruiting bodies of B. griseipurpureus and which probably could be a selective host for the insect
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Keywords
Indigenous Mushroom , Boletus SP.