Studies On Formulations For Gold Alloy Plating Bath To Produce Different Shades Of Electrodeposits
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Date
2004-06
Authors
CHE WAN NGAH, CHE WAN ZANARIAH
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Abstract
The systematic studies on formulations for gold alloy plating baths were
conducted by employing experimental design. The fractional factorial design method
was used to identify the effect of silver, palladium, nickel, and indium additions in the
electroplating solutions on the shades of the electrodeposited gold films produced. The
color of the electrodeposited Hull cell panels were analyzed using a spectrophotometer
UV equipped with spectral reflectance accessories. Color quantification for the
electrodeposited gold films produced was conducted by employing a uniform color
scale known as CIELAB. The system facilitates the measurement of the difference
between two color specimens (LJ*, aJ*, bJ*, and L2*, a2*' b2) and the color difference
evaluated was reported as .6.E*.
Color tolerance was determined by employing control charts where the values
of i'lE* up to 5.37 between any measured locations or between any two electroplated
Hull cell panels is still considered to be within the acceptable process limit. The
differences in color were statistically evaluated to find out whether the additions of
each metal to the electroplating solutions has any significant effect on the shades of the
electrodeposits produced. The addition of silver and combination of silver-palladium in
the electroplating solutiDns has produced three different shades of electrodeposits,
which gave significant response against the standard gold, brass and silver. Nickel
addition to the electroplating solution has produced electrodeposits which gave
significant response toward platinum standard. Also, optimization procedure conducted
on the combination of nickel-indium additions to the electroplating solutions reveal
gold deposits with a color close to 2N-I8 Yellow commercial carat gold. While
addition of palladium give a different color to that of gold with no significant color
response recorded. Conversely the addition of indium to the electroplating solution
does not give any significant color changes.
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Studies On Formulations For Gold Alloy Plating Bath , To Produce Different Shades Of Electrodeposits