Aplikasi proses penfatwaan dalam kaedah penyelidikan berteraskan Islam
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Date
2014
Authors
Wan Khairuldin, Wan Mohd Khairul Firdaus
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Abstract
The thesis objective is to ascertain and propose the application of fatwa process in
Islamic research method. The study has been carried out due to the need for Islamic
research method that can be utilized in conducting research on Islam and Muslims.
This Islamic research method is expected to be an alternative to the current
conventional research method which has few weaknesses when dealt with this issue,
in particular the lack of analytical tools, epistemology and philosophy. Based on
these shortcomings, the study of Islam and Muslims cannot be carried out using
conventional research methods. With the existence of current methodology of
research in the Islamic sciences, why not conduct a study to any of the research
methods in Islamic sciences? The thesis tries addressing fatwa process methods as a
research subject. The study of fatwa process methods sets out three main objectives.
Firstly, is to identify the fatwa process in Islam. Secondly, to analyze the fatwa
process from the social research methods’ perspective. Thirdly to formulate the
application of fatwa process in social research. To achieve the objectives stated
above, library research is necessary to gather the relevant data of the whole process
of fatwa from classic and contemporary literatures. The data is then analyzed using
content analysis and method of differences. Analysis of these data leads to four
conclusions. Firstly, the fatwa is very important during the history of Islam since the
time of Rasulullah SAW to the date in explaining current law problem. Secondly, the
fatwa process adopted at the present was divided into four stages, namely al-taswir,
al-takyif, al-hukm and al-ifta’. Thirdly, Islam also raise high concerns with the
qualification of mufti whereby some strict requirements need to be fulfilled. In
addition, Islam also emphasizes the determination of collective fatwa or fatwa
jama‘iyyah and the quality of its sources. Fourthly, the fatwa process is suitable to be
implemented in Islamic research methodology due to its strength and advantages
from the perspective of epistemology, philosophy, tool of analysis and thoroughness
in carrying out a research, particularly in conducting research on Islam and Muslims.
The fatwa process is suggested to be as a research method based on Islam namely the
fatwa research process. Hence, the application of this fatwa process in Islamic
research methodology provides a great insight into the understanding of the concept
of fatwa, which is previously only used in the determination of Islamic rules. This
study also contributes to greater impact towards the understanding of the paradigm in
research methodology that is currently being used conventionally.