Development And Performance Of Turbocharger Based Micro Gas Turbine System Using Biomass Fuel

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Date
2011-08
Authors
Mohammad al-Attab, Khaled Ali
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Alternative fuels are a priority in energy research field, due to issues of fossil fuel depletion and environmental degradation. Biomass is an important renewable energy fuel source for thermal and power applications, especially in countries like Malaysia where abundant biomass waste available. As for electrical power generation, interest has recently increased in small scale distributed generation (DG) due to its advantages over centralized power generation. Internal combustion (IC) engines, micro gas turbines (MGT) and wind turbines are the main candidates for DG technology. Biomass gasifiers with IC engines have shown success for power generation. However, one of the problems with these systems is the maintenance requirement, since producer gas has to be cleaned, cooled and dried before it can be used in IC engines. This research developed and characterized a small scale combined heat and power (CHP) producer gas (PG) fueled micro gas turbine system. The PG was cleaned in a low-cost hot cleaning unit consisting of an insulated cyclone separator. Sensible heat of the hot PG was preserved as additional thermal power for the system and also to maintain PG tar contamination in vapor form. The PG was then fully combusted in a pressurized cyclone combustor (PCC). Combustion flue gas was then introduced into a two-stage MGT. The MGT was developed based on two vehicular turbochargers, a speed reduction pulley unit and low speed generator. Different size turbochargers were tested during MGT development phase to achieve the best performance. Exhaust flue gas was then recovered using two-pass heat recovery unit (HRU) for hot air production. The HRU was designed based on two-pass counter-flow separate annular tube heat exchanger to achieve high thermal efficiency.
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Keywords
Performance of turbocharger based micro gas , turbine system using biomass fuel
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