Phytochemical And Selected Pharmacological Studies Of Standardized Fruit Extracts Of Morinda Citrifolia Linn
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Date
2012-02
Authors
Beh, Hooi Kheng
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Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Morinda citrifolia is commonly used in Malaysia by locals as traditional medicine for various diseases. Currently there are eleven registered commercial products of Morinda citrifolia fruit available in Malaysia. In this study, preliminary phytochemical screening and physico-chemical studies of the fruit powder were attempted and quality parameter involving chromatographic profiling of the extracts were carried out for standardization.
The fruit extracts were screened for anti-angiogenic effect using in vivo chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Methanolic extract and chloroform fraction showed anti-angiogenic effect with the score value of 0.94 and 1.22, respectively. Bioactivity-guided isolation was performed and scopoletin was identified as one of the active constituents in anti-angiogenic activity (score value 1.39). Cytotoxic effects of the fruit extracts were observed on breast cancer cell lines (MCF 7) and human leukemia cell lines (HL-60) using MTT cell viability assay. The methanolic extract inhibited 37.6% of MCF 7 cells and 25.62% of HL-60 cells at concentration of 30 ug/mL. The other fractions of the fruit showed weaker cytotoxic activity than methanolic extract. Adipogenesis is concomitantly accompanied by new blood vessel growth, and thus suppression of angiogenesis would prevent adipogenesis and obesity. Methanolic extract and chloroform fraction were tested for their anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic effects using high fat diet induced hyperlipidemic rats. The finding showed the fruit extracts influenced triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism in obese rats. The fruit extracts also significantly reduced the percentage of total body weight increased in the rats. Antioxidant activity of fruit extracts was evaluated in this study. Ethyl acetate fraction contains the highest phenolic content (167.71 ± 5.30 ug/mL GAE) and flavonoid content (22.30 ± 1.22 ug/mL QE). The fraction also possesses the highest antioxidant activity in DPPH scavenging with EC50 value 164.09 ug/mL and 83.46% antioxidant activity in β-carotene-linoleate assay at the concentration of 500 ug/mL. The present studies provided information on the quality and standardization of the fruit extracts. The anti-angiogenic, cytotoxicity, anti-obesity, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant studies of the fruit provided evidence on the traditional use for related disease.
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Keywords
Morinda citrifolia is commonly used in Malaysia , as traditional medicine for various diseases