Effect of rice planting practices on weed diversity in Seberang Perai and muda rice granaries
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Date
2014
Authors
Adnan, Aqilah
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Abstract
The problem of weed infestation in rice fields has been induced by the dramatic change of cultural practices from manual transplanting to direct seeding in rice field of Peninsular Malaysia in the late 1980s. The study on different rice planting practices effect on weed succession in Seberang Perai and Muda rice fields were conducted from September 2011 to January 2013 which involved surveys and experiments in field and glasshouse at MARDI Seberang Perai. Based on the series of weed survey in Seberang Perai and Muda rice fields reveals that Oryza sativa Complex or weedy rice, Echinochloa crus-galli and Leptochloa chinensis were the most noxious weed and had the highest important value lies between 139.1% to 52.3% and these species also present in four planting practices plot in both area. The outcome from weed seed bank study shown that the total estimated weed seed reserved for both areas was 3,045,806 m-2. Of these, 2, 853,772m-2 (93.7%) seeds were germinated and only 192,034m-2 (6.3%) remains un-germinated. In addition, different planting practices show different number of weed seed bank. Results revealed, weed seed bank from mechanical transplanting area showed the highest number of germinated seed and for wet seeding practice shown the highest number of un-germinated seed. Socio-economic surveys also revealed that farmers from both areas have a different level of perception and methods in weed
control and management in rice field. This due mainly to different level of education, experienced, local knowledge and behavior in practicing weed management. Moreover, the authorities from both areas play an important role in spreading the information and the new technology to the farmers so that they will follow and change their perception and attitude to the better weed management in rice field.