Ground motion prediction equation for east Malaysia and structural response of building in main cities of Sabah
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Date
2019-06
Authors
Khoo Zheng Yang
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Abstract
In June 2015 Malaysia experienced the strongest earthquake in recent years as a
magnitude 6.0 earthquake struck Ranau and damaged many buildings in the region of
Ranau and Kundasang. Since this earthquake event, seismic design for East Malaysia has
become a concern for many engineers and researchers to prevent seismic damage of
important structures and infrastructures in the future. Characteristics of ground motions
is vital for safe and economical design of seismic resistant buildings. However due to the
scarcity of historical data, it is difficult to establish a ground motion prediction equation
(GMPE) for East Malaysia. Very limited past related studies have been conducted for
East Malaysia. With the availability of more data from the latest earthquakes in Sabah,
this study focuses on selecting suitable established GMPE to be adopted for use in East
Malaysia from a total of 15 pre-selected GMPE. A data set which consist of 509 actual
recorded peak ground acceleration (PGA) from 159 earthquake events obtained from 33
seismic station operated by Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) was used for
comparison with the predicted PGA of each GMPE. Normalised root mean squared error
(RMSENor) values were calculated to provide quantitative measure of how well the
GMPEs predict ground motions. From the result, Ambraseys et al. (2005) GMPE is
proposed for the use of predicting ground motion for earthquake with magnitude range
of 2 to 4 in Sabah while Fukushima and Tanaka (1990) is proposed for the use of
predicting ground motion for earthquake with magnitudes 5 and 6 in Sabah. As for
Sarawak, Ambraseys et al. (2005) GMPE is proposed for the use of predicting ground
motion. Predicted ground motions were used for the study of structural response of a four
storey building in Ranau, Kota Kinabalu and Lahad Datu under different earthquake
scenarios. The structural responses are expected to increase 55% to 60% in Kota
Kinabalu, 25% to 30% in Ranau and 20% in Lahad Datu for forecast earthquake as
compared to the largest historical earthquake.