Pretreatment Of Oil Palm Frond By Phanerochaete Crysosporium Ck01 And Enzymatic Hydrolysis For Ethanol Production By Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Hc10

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dc.contributor.authorHalim, Farah Amani Abdul
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-21T00:29:38Z
dc.date.available2020-10-21T00:29:38Z
dc.date.issued2018-08
dc.description.abstractOil palm frond (OPF) is one of the most abundant waste generated from an oil palm plantation. OPF can be utilized as a feedstock for bioethanol and can simultaneously address its disposal issue in the plantation. In this project, OPF was divided into two types of feedstock; biomass and juice by mechanical pressing. Firstly, the dried biomass was biologically treated using white-rot fungi; Phanerochaete chrysosporium CK01 for biodelignification. Two parameters were tested; effect of inoculum size and fermentation duration. The best parameters were inoculum size of 1.0x106 spore/mL and 3 weeks of fermentation duration which gave 27.87% of delignification. In the second stage, the treated biomass was subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by either individual or in combination to produce a sugar hydrolysate. Two parameters tested were enzyme loading (in individual enzymatic hydrolysis) or enzyme ratio (in combined enzymatic hydrolysis; Cellulase A “Amano” 3 and Hemicellulase “Amano” 90) and hydrolysis time. The result shows that the combined (cellulase and hemicellulase) enzymatic hydrolysis produces higher amount of simple sugar (5.15g/L) using a combination of enzyme ratio of 1:4 (cellulase:hemicellulase) with a hydrolysis time of 120 minutes compared to individual enzymatic hydrolysis (3.26g/L). Prior to beginning of the third stage, the amount of simple sugar in the hydrolysate (OPFH) and juice (OPFJ) were compared using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. OPFJ were found to be the better medium and thus be chosen for fermentation in the final stage. In the third stage, OPFJ fermentation was done using two types of yeast which are Saccharomyces cerevisiae HC10 and Scheffersomyces stipitis ATCC 5837. The comparison between the two fermentations show that S. cerevisiae HC10 which managed to produce 12.20% (v/v) ethanol, is a better fermentation agent compared to S. stipitis ATCC 5837 which produced 9.75% (v/v) ethanol. The individual sugar utilization by each fermentation shows that the ability of the yeast to ferment hexoses in the OPFJ is crucial to produce a higher amount of ethanol efficiently. Later, S. cerevisiae HC10 fermentation on OPFJ was compared with a fermentation on a modified PDB media to study the growth kinetics. An overall ethanol yield (fermentation efficiency) obtained was 35.26% in the OPFJ fermentation and 44.99% in modified PDB media respectively, suggesting that although OPFJ can solely be fermented without any modification or additional nutrient, the fermentation was not highly efficient if it were to be commercialised for production of bioethanol. In conclusion, this project has managed to unveil the good potential of oil palm frond as fermentation feedstock.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/123456789/10508
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversiti Sains Malaysiaen_US
dc.subjectTechonologyen_US
dc.titlePretreatment Of Oil Palm Frond By Phanerochaete Crysosporium Ck01 And Enzymatic Hydrolysis For Ethanol Production By Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Hc10en_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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