Effects Of Selected Additives For Growth Efficiency On In Vitro Grown Vanilla Planifolia Andrews
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Date
2016-03
Authors
Goh, Foong Jing
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Vanilla planifolia Andrews is the economically important and second most
expensive food ingredients in the worldwide. In previous studies, organic additives
have shown their potential on promoting plant growth and development, however the
detail studies of organic additive on plant growth and development of V. planifolia
was limited. Thus, in this research, the effects of different selected organic additives
were studied on the plant growth and development of V. planifolia Andrews.
Improvement on the protocol for plant growth and proliferation of vanilla were
carried out and finally to study the morphological differences between the in vitro
and ex vitro plantlets. V. planifolia plant shoots were initially cultured on different
strengths of MS, different concentrations of BAP, sucrose and different types of
gelling to determine the best growth medium. The V. planifolia plantlets growth
were recorded after eight weeks of treatment. Supplemented of ½ strength MS
medium and supplementation of 20 g/L were efficient enough to promoted plant
growth. Addition of 1.0 mg/L BAP was found to induce an average of 4.11 ± 0.36
shoots per explant. The four gelling agents used were found to have no significant
effect on the plant growth of V. planifolia. There were seven types of organic
additives were selected to study the effect of each additive towards the plant growth
and development of the shoots explant. Inclusion of 10% coconut water into the
medium was found to be the most effective for enhancement of V. planifolia plant
growth. With an addition of 30% coconut water or tea leaf extract, the multiplication
of V. planifolia plantlets was found to produce similar results with 4.26 ± 0.43
(coconut water) and 4.00 ± 0.86 (tea leaf extract) shoots per explant as compared to the basal medium with addition of 1 mg/L BAP. However, with the combinations of
1mg/L of BAP and 10% of coconut water, multiple shoots formation was able to
increase about 30%. V. planifolia was able to perform 100% rooting without any
plant growth regulator and organic additive. Sphagnum moss was found to be the
more suitable potting medium as the survival rate of acclimatization of V. planifolia
were able to archived 83.33% of survival rates. Histological studies and scanning
electron microscopy were carried out to determine the morphological changes of V.
planifolia on both in vitro and ex vitro plant leaves, stems and roots of V. planifolia.
According to the histological analyses, there were structure differences in in vitro
plantlets and ex vitro plants. Scanning electron micrograph displayed the underdevelop
stomata of plantlets and existent of epicuticular wax surrounding the stomata.
SEM also displayed the existent of raphides in V. planifolia. This study had shown
the potential of organic additive that are not fully discovered as an alternative
solution for enhancement of plant growth and development and also the
morphological adaptation changes from in vitro condition to ex vitro condition which
is vital for plant survival.
Description
Keywords
Plant growth