Measuring Dependence Severity Of Ketum (Mitragyna Speciosa) Use Among Ketum Leaf Users In Malaysia
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Date
2013-04
Authors
Mahinder Singh, Darshan Singh
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Abstract
Ketum or M.speciosa is an indigenous psychotropic plant commonly used for its
medicinal value. Studies on ketum use is still scarce, hence further research is needed
to elucidate its prolonged use risk in humans. Study aim to determine the
sociodemographic characteristics, measure ketum dependence severity, ketum
withdrawal severity, ketum craving intensity and analyze the social functioning of
ketum leaf users. A total of 293 ketum users were surveyed from three northern
states of peninsular Malaysia (Penang, Kedah and Perlis). A cross-sectional study
design using non-probability sampling techniques (purposive and quota) was used to
collect data. Four study instruments specifically the Leeds Dependence
Questionnaire, Marijuana Withdrawal Checklist, Marijuana Craving Questionnaire-
Short Form, and Addiction Severity Index were used to measure ketum dependence
severity among ketum leaf users. Respondents were all male, majority of Malay
ethnicity. Eighty-five percent were employed, 46% were between the ages of 18-25
years, 41% were married, while three-fifths had completed eleven years (SPM) of
education. Seventy-nine percent reported that they need to use ketum daily, 83%
reported ketum can cause addiction if used regularly, 64% encountered sleeping
problems, 67% became nervous, 72% were unable to control ketum desire and 90%
had better social-functioning.
Description
Keywords
Measuring Dependence Severity , Of Ketum (Mitragyna Speciosa)