Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan - Tesis

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Browsing Pusat Pengajian Sains Kesihatan - Tesis by Subject "associated factors"

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    Trend and factors associated with stillbirth at Hospital Pakar Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM) from 2019 to 2023
    (2025-06)
    Hassan, Nazirul Munir Abu
    Background: Stillbirth remains a major public health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Despite being a tertiary referral center, stillbirths continue to occur at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM), underscoring the need to identify preventable risk factors through focused investigation. Objective: This study aimed to describe the incidence rate trend of stillbirth and to determine the factors associated with stillbirth among deliveries at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM) from 2019 to 2023. Methodology: This was a case-control study using record review from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HPUSM), conducted between October 2023 and May 2024. Relevant data were collected using a standardized proforma and analysed using SPSS software version 29. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics, simple logistic regression, and multiple logistic regression. Results: A total of 46,012 deliveries were included for trend analysis, with the stillbirth incidence ranging from 5.06 to 7.24 per 1,000 births over the five-year period, showing a fluctuating trend. For the association analysis, 196 stillbirth and 268 randomly selected live birth were included. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced maternal age (aOR = 1.11; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.18; p < 0.001) and abruptio placenta (aOR = 12.89; 95% CI: 1.55, 107.12; p = 0.018) were significantly associated with higher odds of stillbirth. Conversely, anemia (aOR = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.91; p = 0.033), low birth weight (aOR = 0.28; 95% CI: 0.15, 0.55; p < 0.001), and lower gestational age (aOR = 0.66; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.79; p < 0.001) appeared as protective factors against stillbirth. Conclusion: Advanced maternal age, anemia, low birth weight, preterm delivery, and abruptio placenta were significantly associated with stillbirth. Strengthening antenatal surveillance and timely management of high-risk pregnancies are essential to reduce stillbirths and improve the quality of care at HPUSM.