Pusat Kajian Samudera dan Pantai - Tesis

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    Abundance And Distribution Of Plastic Debris In Beach Sediment And Seawater Of The Northern Straits Of Malacca
    (2024-09)
    Lim, Er Vin
    Plastics account for 60% - 80% of marine debris worldwide and Malaysia is the top three plastic polluter country in the world through river pathway to marine environment in 2021. A comprehensive database of the status of plastic pollution in Malaysia is needed to help in achieving better management of plastics, such as the plan in Malaysia’s Roadmap toward Zero-Single-Use Plastics 2018-2030 and Plastics Sustainability Roadmap 2021-2030. This study aims to record the abundance of macro- (> 2.5 cm) and meso-plastic (0.5 – 2.5 cm) debris at selected beaches and microplastics (<0.5 cm) at selected sea surface in the northern Straits of Malacca. All study sites are publicly accessible beaches (Pulau Songsong, Teluk Aling, and Pulau Gazumbo) except Pulau Lembu which is in a Marine Protected Area (MPA). The debris was collected from predetermined transects on the beach and categorised according to its size, form and economic market segments in Malaysia. Most of the macro- (53 – 75% of total mass; p=0.0277, α<0.05) and meso-plastics (53 – 80% of the total number) were accumulated at the backshore area. Public beaches such as Pulau Gazumbo (7.32 ± 9.90 g/m2) and Pulau Songsong (9.77 ± 11.35 g/m2) recorded the highest mass of macroplastics per area by zone. Teluk Aling recorded the lowest mass of macroplastics per area by zone (3.58 ± 3.21 g/m2) but the highest in mesoplastic (0.56 ± 0.60 item/m2). By number, the highest number of macroplastics per area by zone was found at Teluk Aling (1.10 ± 1.29 item/m2) and Pulau Lembu (1.19 ± 0.30 item/m2), while the lowest was found at Pulau Gazumbo (0.44 ± 0.61 item/m2).
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    Marine Spatial Planning Through Management Linkage Approach
    (2022-06)
    Salem, Albotoush Reda Abdel Aziz
    Coastal areas have always been a ‘hub’ of resources and a target for infrastructure development, yet, considered vulnerable in many parts of the world. And these are often face dilemmas associated with urbanization, adverse climatic, and environmental change for living organisms, along with the absence of the implementation of an integrated approach in managing these issues. Therefore, new management approaches had been tried such as Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) and Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) to managing coasts in a sustainable and most effective manner while accommodating its dynamism. However, some challenges appeared related to the management approaches' such as the interference between ICZM (up to 3-12 nm) and MSP (up to 200 nm) from the coastline, not adhering to approved plans (Penang’s ICZM as a case study), the random approach of choosing the management authorities in case of MSP. Thus, the main aim of this thesis is to develop innovative approaches capable of enhancing the conceptualization of MSP and it’s implementation by addressing the following objectives; 1- to assess the current state-of-the-art (from around the globe; particularly the European experience) forms of MSP governance and the organizations in charge of implementation, 2- to determine the organization most suited as an MSP authority, 3-To propose a methodology to link/integrate MSP and ICZM, and 4- to evaluate the efforts associated with ICZM in the state of Penang.
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    Selected Water Quality Parameters, Its Relation With Zooplankton Community And Fatty Acid Content At Jelutong, Pulau Jerejak And Kuala Juru
    (2014-09)
    Kassim, Nur'Ain
    This study was carried out to determine the water quality characteristics of coastal waters around Penang island, and its relation with zooplankton community and fatty acid content. Three sampling stations were selected, namely Kuala Juru (Juru Station), Jelutong (Jelutong Station) and Pulau Jerejak (Jerejak Station). Water and zooplankton samples were collected on five sampling occasions from July 2009 until April 20 II. Physico-chemical parameters measured in this study were temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chlorophyll-a, ammoniacal-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen. Zooplankton samples were collected by horizontal towing with plankton net (WP-2). A total of 8 phyla and 37 zooplankton genera were recorded at those three sampling locations. Phylum Arthropoda dominated the whole locations with 78.80% of relative abundance, where Copepoda was the most abundant. Other phyla which were Chordata (9.10%), Cyliophora (6.12%), Actinopoda (2.08%), Rotifera (2.57%), Annelida (0.63%), Cnidaria (0.51 %), and Chaetognatha (0.19%) were accounted in small abundance. Juru Station, which is highly impacted by human activities, had the highest relative abundance and Jerejak Station (control station and considered to have low impact by anthropogenic activities) had the lowest relative abundance. Zooplankton diversity was quite low at all stations, might be due to large abundance of dominant taxa. The dominant fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) detected on XIII plankton consisted of SAFA (CI6:0, C14:0 and CI8:0), MUFA (CI6:0, C14:0 and C 18:0), PUFA (C 18:2n6c and C20:3n6) and HUFA (C22:6n3 or DHA).
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    The Identification Of Squillid Mantis Shrimp And Preliminary Study On Reproduction And Larviculture Of Oratosquillina Interrupta Found In Penang Waters
    (2023-04)
    Lee Li Yen
    Stomatopods or mantis shrimps were historically sold as cheap by-catches. Presently, with increased economic importance in various countries and it is commercially captured for its unique taste and texture. Mantis shrimp has a potential for local aquaculture practices. This study focuses on assessing optimal breeding protocol and determination of larval developmental stages, particularly for the mantis shrimp Oratosquillina interrupta