Pusat Kajian Samudera dan Pantai - Tesis

Browse

Recent Submissions

Now showing 1 - 5 of 14
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Publication
    The Effects Of Physical Stressors And Neurotransmitters On The Spawning Activity Of The Sea Cucumber, Stichopus Fusiformiossa
    (2025-04)
    Cheong, Kah Mei
    Stichopus fusiformiossa a sea cucumber species from the stichopodidae family, known as gamat have been integral to malaysian traditional medicine and is now increasingly valued in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. However, excessive harvesting and insufficient conservation measures have endangered this sea cucumber species. To address this issue, enhancing breeding methods, specifically artificial spawning, is essential for sustainable aquaculture. Therefore, this research aims to develop a spawning protocol for s. Fusiformiossa by investigating the potential of neurotransmitters to regulate gamete release and fertilisation. This research represents the first attempt to induce spawning in s. Fusiformiossa using physical methods: heat shock, cold shock, desiccation, and microalgae stimulation and neurotransmitter injections: serotonin (5-ht), 1-methyladenine (1-ma), epinephrine, and norepinephrine in captivity. The sea cucumbers were observed for eight hours post-induction. Histological analysis of the gonads was conducted randomly and provided insights into reproductive development stages. An in-vitro germinal vesicle breakdown (gvbd) assay was conducted on s. Fusiformiossa oocytes, using 5-ht and 1-ma at two concentrations (1×10-1 m and 1×10-3 m) over three incubation durations (60, 120, and 180 minutes).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    The Description Of Sea Cucumber On The Nearshore Soft-bottom Of Selected Sites In The Straits Of Malacca, Malaysia
    (2024-09)
    Vincent, Teoh Yong Jian
    Sea cucumbers are one of the targeted animals collected for food. As such, they possess commercial value and should be monitored. However studies on the description and diversity of sea cucumbers in the nearshore zones of the Straits of Malacca in Malaysia for the past ten years were limited to three studies. More studies are needed to manage sea cucumber stocks. This study was conducted to provide a description of the sea cucumbers on the nearshore soft-bottom zones of selected sites in the Straits of Malacca. Field samplings were conducted at Middle Bank, Tanjung Kupang, Blue Lagoon, and Merambong Shoal in the Straits of Malacca from April 2021 to June 2022 during low tide. Additional specimens from the collection of Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies (CEMACS) and USM were examined. Ossicles were extracted, examined, and photographed using a microscope with a camera attached. Images of ossicles were traced with ADOBE Photoshop. All specimens were preserved in CEMACS, USM. A total of 79 individuals were examined and 13 species of sea cucumbers were identified. Middle Bank had the highest diversity of sea cucumbers at eight species with a Diversity Index of 1.688 and Dominance Index of 4.405. Merambong Shoals had the second-highest diversity of sea cucumbers at five species with a Diversity Index of 1.423 and Dominance Index of 3.745. Two new species of sea cucumbers, Euthyonidiella zulfigaris sp. nov. and Acaudina spinifera sp. nov. were discovered and described.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Selected Water Quality Parameters, Its Relation With Zooplankton Community And Fatty Acid Content At Jelutong, Pulau Jerejak And Kuala Juru
    (2014-09)
    Kassim, Nur'Ain
    This study was carried out to determine the water quality characteristics of coastal waters around Penang island, and its relation with zooplankton community and fatty acid content. Three sampling stations were selected, namely Kuala Juru (Juru Station), Jelutong (Jelutong Station) and Pulau Jerejak (Jerejak Station). Water and zooplankton samples were collected on five sampling occasions from July 2009 until April 20 II. Physico-chemical parameters measured in this study were temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chlorophyll-a, ammoniacal-nitrogen and nitrite-nitrogen. Zooplankton samples were collected by horizontal towing with plankton net (WP-2). A total of 8 phyla and 37 zooplankton genera were recorded at those three sampling locations. Phylum Arthropoda dominated the whole locations with 78.80% of relative abundance, where Copepoda was the most abundant. Other phyla which were Chordata (9.10%), Cyliophora (6.12%), Actinopoda (2.08%), Rotifera (2.57%), Annelida (0.63%), Cnidaria (0.51 %), and Chaetognatha (0.19%) were accounted in small abundance. Juru Station, which is highly impacted by human activities, had the highest relative abundance and Jerejak Station (control station and considered to have low impact by anthropogenic activities) had the lowest relative abundance. Zooplankton diversity was quite low at all stations, might be due to large abundance of dominant taxa. The dominant fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) detected on XIII plankton consisted of SAFA (CI6:0, C14:0 and CI8:0), MUFA (CI6:0, C14:0 and C 18:0), PUFA (C 18:2n6c and C20:3n6) and HUFA (C22:6n3 or DHA).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    Abundance And Distribution Of Plastic Debris In Beach Sediment And Seawater Of The Northern Straits Of Malacca
    (2024-09)
    Lim, Er Vin
    Plastics account for 60% - 80% of marine debris worldwide and Malaysia is the top three plastic polluter country in the world through river pathway to marine environment in 2021. A comprehensive database of the status of plastic pollution in Malaysia is needed to help in achieving better management of plastics, such as the plan in Malaysia’s Roadmap toward Zero-Single-Use Plastics 2018-2030 and Plastics Sustainability Roadmap 2021-2030. This study aims to record the abundance of macro- (> 2.5 cm) and meso-plastic (0.5 – 2.5 cm) debris at selected beaches and microplastics (<0.5 cm) at selected sea surface in the northern Straits of Malacca. All study sites are publicly accessible beaches (Pulau Songsong, Teluk Aling, and Pulau Gazumbo) except Pulau Lembu which is in a Marine Protected Area (MPA). The debris was collected from predetermined transects on the beach and categorised according to its size, form and economic market segments in Malaysia. Most of the macro- (53 – 75% of total mass; p=0.0277, α<0.05) and meso-plastics (53 – 80% of the total number) were accumulated at the backshore area. Public beaches such as Pulau Gazumbo (7.32 ± 9.90 g/m2) and Pulau Songsong (9.77 ± 11.35 g/m2) recorded the highest mass of macroplastics per area by zone. Teluk Aling recorded the lowest mass of macroplastics per area by zone (3.58 ± 3.21 g/m2) but the highest in mesoplastic (0.56 ± 0.60 item/m2). By number, the highest number of macroplastics per area by zone was found at Teluk Aling (1.10 ± 1.29 item/m2) and Pulau Lembu (1.19 ± 0.30 item/m2), while the lowest was found at Pulau Gazumbo (0.44 ± 0.61 item/m2).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Publication
    The Identification Of Squillid Mantis Shrimp And Preliminary Study On Reproduction And Larviculture Of Oratosquillina Interrupta Found In Penang Waters
    (2023-04)
    Lee Li Yen
    Stomatopods or mantis shrimps were historically sold as cheap by-catches. Presently, with increased economic importance in various countries and it is commercially captured for its unique taste and texture. Mantis shrimp has a potential for local aquaculture practices. This study focuses on assessing optimal breeding protocol and determination of larval developmental stages, particularly for the mantis shrimp Oratosquillina interrupta