Publication:
The pattern of personal listening device (PLD) use among university students and its impact on hearing status

dc.contributor.authorAmin, Nur Shamin Adriana Mohd
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-25T04:10:54Z
dc.date.available2026-02-25T04:10:54Z
dc.date.issued2025
dc.description.abstractThis study investigated the patterns of PLD use among university students and examined its potential impact on hearing status. PLD usage has become nearly universal in this population, especially among individuals aged 20 to 25, who often use these devices for academic and leisure purposes. A cross-sectional survey and hearing assessment were conducted involving university students to evaluate their listening behaviours, volume preferences, and the relationship to hearing outcomes. Data were collected through questionnaires and hearing assessments including pure tone audiometry (PTA) with extended high-frequency thresholds at 12kHz and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Results showed that while most students perceived their listening volume as moderate, with many exceeded the safe listening level, particularly in noisy environments. A significant portion of participants who preferred higher volume levels and longer daily usage showed elevated thresholds at 12kHz and reduced DPOAE results, indicating early cochlear changes. Particularly, 32.3% reported difficulty hearing in noisy environments despite normal PTA results, suggesting the presence of hidden hearing loss. These findings highlight a gap between perceived and actual safe listening practices among young adults and underscore the importance of education on hearing conservation. The study recommends incorporating high-frequency PTA and DPOAE in routine hearing screenings for early detection of auditory damages and NIHL.
dc.identifier.urihttps://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/23679
dc.language.isoen
dc.titleThe pattern of personal listening device (PLD) use among university students and its impact on hearing status
dc.typeResource Types::text::thesis::bachelor thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oairecerif.author.affiliationUniversiti Sains Malaysia
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