Publication: Formulation And Evaluation Of Liquid Crystalline Nanostructures For The Pulmonary Delivery Of Docetaxel
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Date
2025-05
Authors
Yousif, Ibrahim M. Abdulbaqi Almalla
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Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Docetaxel (dtx) is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent; however, its poor solubility, low bioavailability, and high systemic toxicity limit its therapeutic efficacy. Conventional intravenous formulations utilise ethanol and surfactants such as polysorbate 80 (tween 80®), which cause severe adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity and hypersensitivity. This underscores the need for targeted drug delivery to enhance dtx efficacy while minimising systemic toxicity. Pulmonary delivery via lipid-based nanoparticles, particularly liquid crystalline nanostructures (lcns), presents a non-invasive and efficient approach with improved patient compliance. This study aimed to develop and characterise inhalable dtx-loaded lcns for pulmonary delivery, optimising anticancer efficacy while potentially reducing adverse effects. Lcns were prepared via extrusion, ensuring minimal dispersed phase loss and structural integrity. Small-angle x-ray scattering (saxs) confirmed cubic internal nanostructures, validating extrusion as a scalable fabrication method. A series of four full factorial experiments yielded 40 formulations, of which 11 met the selection criteria of highest lipid content, smallest particle size (ps), and a polydispersity index (pdi) < 0.25. Dtx was loaded at 2, 5, and 10 mg/ml, with 5 mg/ml identified as optimal.
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Formulation Evaluation Liquid Crystalline Nanostructures Pulmonary