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Developing An Instrument To Measure Stem Teachers’ Knowledge On The Applications Of The 9 Pillars Of 4ir And Measuring The Moderating Effect Of Knowledge On The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Stem Teaching Practices

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dc.contributor.authorRavendran, Saravnesvaran
dc.date.accessioned2026-08-19T06:39:10Z
dc.date.available2026-08-19T06:39:10Z
dc.date.issued2025-08
dc.description.abstractThis study aims to develop and assess an instrument for measuring stem (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) teachers' knowledge of the applications of the 9 pillars of the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) and to investigate the impact of this knowledge on the relationship between teachers' self-efficacy and stem teaching practices. The research involves the development of a valid instrument and data collection through a survey administered to STEM teachers, exploring correlations between 4ir knowledge, self-efficacy beliefs, and the implementation of effective stem teaching strategies. The study's findings are expected to provide valuable insights into the crucial connection between educators' awareness of 4ir advancements, their confidence in teaching skills, and the practical integration of innovative stem teaching practices. Implications include informing educational policies and professional development programs to enhance stem education by aligning teacher preparation with the transformative demands of the fourth industrial revolution.
dc.identifier.urihttps://erepo.usm.my/handle/123456789/24862
dc.language.isoen
dc.subjectDeveloping An Instrument To Measure Stem Teachers’ Knowledge
dc.subjectThe Applications Of The 9 Pillars Of 4ir And Measuring The Moderating Effect Of Knowledge
dc.subjectThe Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Stem Teaching Practices
dc.titleDeveloping An Instrument To Measure Stem Teachers’ Knowledge On The Applications Of The 9 Pillars Of 4ir And Measuring The Moderating Effect Of Knowledge On The Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Stem Teaching Practices
dc.typeResource Types::text::thesis::master thesis
dspace.entity.typePublication
oairecerif.author.affiliationUniversiti Sains Malaysia
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