Publication: Removal of lead, cadmium and nickel ions from aqueous solution using rambutan and date seeds as adsorbents
Date
2025-02
Authors
Linus, Olivanesa Clarita Lunus
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Abstract
Heavy metal contamination in aquatic environments, particularly by lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and nickel (Ni), poses significant environmental and health risks due to their toxicity and persistence. This study evaluated the potential of rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum) and date (Phoenix dactylifera) seeds as biosorbents for the removal of these metals from aqueous solutions. Adsorption experiments were conducted under varying conditions of metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and temperature. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ni ions were measured using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS), while biosorbents were characterised pre- and post-treatment using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups involved in the adsorption process. The optimal parameters for Pb, Cd, and Ni removal using rambutan seeds were an initial concentration of 1 ppm, an adsorbent dosage of 0.5 g, a contact duration of 40 minutes, and a temperature of 30°C, achieving removal efficiencies of 97.2%, 90.3%, and 16.1%, respectively. For date seeds, the same conditions yielded removal efficiencies of 81.9% for Cd and 48.5% for Ni, while 96.4% for Pb for 60 minutes of contact time. The results demonstrated that both biosorbents are highly effective for the removal of Pb and Cd, but rambutan slightly higher in average compared to date and less efficient for Ni. This study highlighted the potential of rambutan and date seeds as cost-effective and eco-friendly alternatives for heavy metal remediation,contributing to sustainable water treatment solutions and advancing the use of agricultural waste for environmental remediation
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